Yamaguchi Mizuhiko, Ogawa Tomotaka, Watanabe Miyuki, Anami Setsuko, Kamigaki Shunji, Nishikawa Naoki, Ono Toshiaki, Furukawa Hiroshi
Dept. of Pharmacy, Omihachiman Community Medical Center.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2009 Oct;36(10):1691-6.
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the side effects causing significant psychological and physical suffering in patients receiving chemotherapy. Because CINV often impairs patients' quality of life and leads to cessation of treatments, antiemetic therapy has been thought important. Recently, the development of new antiemetic agents and the antiemetic guidelines provided by ASCO, NCCN, and MASCC etc. allow us to palliate CINV with appropriate antiemetic therapy. For appropriate antiemetic therapy, the patient must obtain accurate CINV information, particularly regarding whether it will be acute or delayed. MASCC first developed and posted the MASCC Antiemesis Tool (MAT) in 2004. The MAT is an eight-term scale for the assessment of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting, and is completed once per chemotherapy course. Although it is now validated in the US and UK and used worldwide, few reports have been available in Japan to use assessment tools including the MAT for acute and delayed CINV. We prospectively investigated the utility of the MAT. Fifteen ambulatory patients with breast cancer were subjected to evaluation, aged 29 to 73(median 58)years. In the results, the MAT allowed us to easily find patients treated with inappropriate antiemetic therapy. At the same time, it was easy to determine acute or delayed CINV, resulting in more appropriate treatment. The scale questions were unfamiliar to patients, but they clearly understood by means of a detailed explanation. Thus, it was suggested that the MAT is useful to assess antiemetic therapy. Consequently, it could contribute to completion of the chemotherapy.
化疗引起的恶心和呕吐（CINV）是接受化疗的患者出现的副作用之一，会给患者带来严重的身心痛苦。由于CINV常常损害患者的生活质量并导致治疗中断，因此止吐治疗被认为很重要。近年来，新型止吐药物的研发以及美国临床肿瘤学会（ASCO）、美国国立综合癌症网络（NCCN）和多国支持性癌症治疗学会（MASCC）等发布的止吐指南，使我们能够通过适当的止吐治疗来缓解CINV。为了进行适当的止吐治疗，患者必须获得准确的CINV信息，尤其是关于它是急性还是延迟性的信息。MASCC于2004年首次开发并发布了MASCC止吐工具（MAT）。MAT是一个用于评估急性和延迟性恶心和呕吐的八项量表，每个化疗疗程完成一次。尽管它目前已在美国和英国得到验证并在全球范围内使用，但在日本，关于使用包括MAT在内的评估工具来评估急性和延迟性CINV的报道很少。我们前瞻性地研究了MAT的实用性。15例门诊乳腺癌患者接受了评估，年龄在29至73岁（中位年龄58岁）之间。结果显示，MAT使我们能够轻松发现接受了不适当止吐治疗的患者。同时，很容易确定是急性还是延迟性CINV，从而实现更恰当的治疗。量表中的问题患者并不熟悉，但通过详细解释他们能清楚理解。因此，提示MAT有助于评估止吐治疗。因此，它有助于化疗的完成。
