An K N, Browne A O, Korinek S, Tanaka S, Morrey B F
Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic/Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
J Orthop Res. 1991 Jan;9(1):143-9. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100090117.
To help resolve longstanding uncertainties about kinematics of the shoulder, we studied three-dimensional glenohumeral joint motion during arm elevation. A magnetic tracking system was used to monitor the three-dimensional orientation of the humerus with respect to the scapula. Appropriate coordinate transformations were then performed for the calculation of glenohumeral joint rotation based on the defined Eulerian angle. The effects of the plane of elevation and the humeral rotation on the magnitude of arm elevation were documented. The maximum humeral elevation at the glenohumeral joint took place in a plane anterior to the scapular plane. Maximum elevation in all planes anterior to the scapular plane required external axial rotation of the humerus. Conversely, internal axial rotation was necessary for maximum elevation posterior to the scapular plane. Quantifying the obligatory axial rotation explains the relationship of internal and external rotation with maximum elevation.
为了帮助解决长期以来关于肩部运动学的不确定性问题，我们研究了手臂抬高过程中三维盂肱关节的运动。使用磁跟踪系统监测肱骨相对于肩胛骨的三维方向。然后基于定义的欧拉角进行适当的坐标变换，以计算盂肱关节的旋转。记录了抬高平面和肱骨旋转对手臂抬高幅度的影响。盂肱关节处肱骨的最大抬高发生在肩胛骨平面之前的一个平面内。肩胛骨平面之前所有平面的最大抬高都需要肱骨的外轴向旋转。相反，肩胛骨平面之后的最大抬高则需要肱骨的内轴向旋转。量化强制性轴向旋转解释了内旋和外旋与最大抬高之间的关系。
