Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2009 Nov 28;367(1907):4497-522. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2009.0150.
Adaptive mesh refinement techniques offer a flexible framework for future variable-resolution climate and weather models since they can focus their computational mesh on certain geographical areas or atmospheric events. Adaptive meshes can also be used to coarsen a latitude-longitude grid in polar regions. This allows for the so-called reduced grid setups. A spherical, block-structured adaptive grid technique is applied to the Lin-Rood finite-volume dynamical core for weather and climate research. This hydrostatic dynamics package is based on a conservative and monotonic finite-volume discretization in flux form with vertically floating Lagrangian layers. The adaptive dynamical core is built upon a flexible latitude-longitude computational grid and tested in two- and three-dimensional model configurations. The discussion is focused on static mesh adaptations and reduced grids. The two-dimensional shallow water setup serves as an ideal testbed and allows the use of shallow water test cases like the advection of a cosine bell, moving vortices, a steady-state flow, the Rossby-Haurwitz wave or cross-polar flows. It is shown that reduced grid configurations are viable candidates for pure advection applications but should be used moderately in nonlinear simulations. In addition, static grid adaptations can be successfully used to resolve three-dimensional baroclinic waves in the storm-track region.
自适应网格细化技术为未来的可变分辨率气候和天气模型提供了一个灵活的框架，因为它们可以将计算网格集中在某些地理区域或大气事件上。自适应网格还可用于粗化极地地区的经纬度网格。这允许所谓的缩减网格设置。一种球形、块状自适应网格技术应用于 Lin-Rood 有限体积动力核心，用于天气和气候研究。该流体静力动力包基于通量形式的保守和单调有限体积离散化，具有垂直浮动拉格朗日层。自适应动力核心建立在灵活的经纬度计算网格上，并在二维和三维模型配置中进行了测试。讨论集中在静态网格自适应和缩减网格上。二维浅水设置用作理想的测试平台，并允许使用浅水测试案例，如余弦钟的平流、移动涡旋、稳态流、罗斯贝-豪威茨波或跨极流。结果表明，缩减网格配置是纯平流应用的可行候选方案，但在非线性模拟中应适度使用。此外，静态网格自适应可成功用于解决风暴轨迹区域的三维斜压波。
