Wilson Nick, Blakely Tony, Edwards Richard, Weerasekera Deepa, Thomson George
Department of Public Health, University of Otago Wellington, PO Box 7343 Wellington South, New Zealand.
N Z Med J. 2009 Sep 25;122(1303):80-9.
To describe smoker support for new smokefree laws covering cars and outdoor settings, in a national sample of New Zealand (NZ) smokers.
The NZ arm of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey (ITC Project) uses as its sampling frame the NZ Health Survey (a nationally-representative sample interviewed face-to-face). From this sample we surveyed by telephone adult smokers (n=1376). Along with adjustment for the complex sample design, there was weighting of the results to attempt to adjust for the non-response at various points (i.e. there was an overall response rate of 33%).
A majority of this national sample of smokers supported three new smokefree areas (albeit with some potential for response bias not adequately addressed by the weighting process). That is, only a minority agreed that smoking should be allowed: in cars with pre-school children (3%), anywhere in outdoor eating areas (22%), and at council-owned playgrounds (32%) (with a more equivocal minority for "within 5 metres of the entrance to public buildings" (48%)). These attitudes were generally compatible with the findings that most of these smokers (87%) reported trying to minimise the amount that non-smokers were exposed to their cigarette smoke, and reported never smoking in a car with non-smokers (73%). Nevertheless, there were still domains where most smokers thought smoking should be allowed--e.g. on lifeguard-patrolled beaches (55%) and in at least some of the outdoor seating areas of restaurants/cafes (51%) and pubs (83%).
There was majority support by these New Zealand smokers for three new types of smokefree areas not covered by current smokefree legislation (including in cars and some outdoor areas). These findings suggest it is a reasonable option for central government and local government authorities to further study and consider new smokefree laws.
在新西兰吸烟者的全国样本中，描述吸烟者对涵盖汽车和户外场所的新无烟法律的支持情况。
国际烟草控制政策评估调查（ITC项目）的新西兰分支将新西兰健康调查（一个具有全国代表性的面对面访谈样本）用作抽样框架。我们从这个样本中通过电话调查了成年吸烟者（n = 1376）。除了对复杂样本设计进行调整外，还对结果进行加权，以试图调整不同阶段的无应答情况（即总体应答率为33%）。
这个吸烟者全国样本中的大多数人支持三个新的无烟区域（尽管加权过程未能充分解决一些潜在的应答偏差问题）。也就是说，只有少数人同意应该允许吸烟：在有学龄前儿童的汽车内（3%）、户外就餐区的任何地方（22%）以及市政拥有的游乐场（32%）（对于“在公共建筑入口5米范围内”，持模棱两可态度的少数人占48%）。这些态度总体上与以下发现相符：大多数吸烟者（87%）报告试图尽量减少非吸烟者接触其香烟烟雾的量，并报告从不与非吸烟者在车内吸烟（73%）。然而，仍有一些领域大多数吸烟者认为应该允许吸烟——例如在有救生员巡逻的海滩上（55%），以及至少在一些餐厅/咖啡馆（51%）和酒吧（83%）的户外座位区。
这些新西兰吸烟者大多支持现行无烟立法未涵盖的三种新型无烟区域（包括汽车内和一些户外区域）。这些发现表明，中央政府和地方政府当局进一步研究和考虑新的无烟法律是一个合理的选择。
