Saki Nader, Nikakhlagh Soheila, Rahim Fakher, Abshirini Hassan
Apadana Clinical Research Center, Apadana hospital, Ahwaz, Iran.
Int J Med Sci. 2009 Oct 14;6(6):322-8. doi: 10.7150/ijms.6.322.
Foreign body aspirations comprise the majority of accidental deaths in childhood. Diagnostic delay may cause an increase in mortality and morbidity in cases without acute respiratory failure. We report our diagnostic and compare the relevant studies available in literature to our results.
In our Hospital, bronchoscopy was performed on 1015 patients with the diagnosis of foreign body aspirations (from 1998 to 2008). Of these cases, 63.5% were male and 36.5% female. Their ages ranged from 2 months to 9 years (mean 2.3 years). Diagnosis was made on history, physical examination, radiological methods and bronchoscopy.
Foreign bodies were localized in the right main bronchus in 560 (55.1%) patients followed by left main bronchus in 191 (18.8%), trachea in 173 (17.1%), vocal cord in 75 (7.4%) and both bronchus in 16 (1.6%). Foreign body was not found during bronchoscopy in 48 cases (8.7%). The majority of the foreign bodies were seeds. Foreign bodies were removed with bronchoscopy in all cases. Pneumonia occurs in only 2.9% (29/1015) patients out of our cases.
Rigid bronchoscopy is very effective procedure for inhaled foreign body removal with fewer complications. Proper use of diagnostic techniques provides a high degree of success, and the treatment modality to be used depending on the type of the foreign body is mostly satisfactory.
异物吸入是儿童意外死亡的主要原因。在无急性呼吸衰竭的病例中，诊断延误可能导致死亡率和发病率上升。我们报告我们的诊断情况，并将文献中的相关研究与我们的结果进行比较。
在我们医院，对1015例诊断为异物吸入的患者进行了支气管镜检查（1998年至2008年）。在这些病例中，男性占63.5%，女性占36.5%。他们的年龄从2个月到9岁不等（平均2.3岁）。通过病史、体格检查、放射学方法和支气管镜检查做出诊断。
560例（55.1%）患者异物位于右主支气管，其次是191例（18.8%）位于左主支气管，173例（17.1%）位于气管，75例（7.4%）位于声带，16例（1.6%）位于双侧支气管。48例（8.7%）患者在支气管镜检查时未发现异物。大多数异物是种子。所有病例均通过支气管镜取出异物。我们的病例中只有2.9%（29/1015）的患者发生了肺炎。
硬质支气管镜是一种非常有效的取出吸入异物的方法，并发症较少。正确使用诊断技术可获得高度成功，根据异物类型选择的治疗方式大多令人满意。
