Le Floch-Prigent Patrice, Bonnichon Philippe, Pariente Denis
Laboratoire d'anatomie, UFR de médecine Paris-Ile de France - Ouest, UVS Q, 45, rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06.
Hist Sci Med. 2009 Apr-Jun;43(2):177-84.
Henri IV, King of France, was killed on Friday, May 14th, 1610 in Paris, inside his partially open coach. The autopsy was performed the following day by Jacques Guillemeau, whose report was published in 1612. The murderer's position was deduced from the direction of the lethal second wound. We suppose that Ravaillac used his left hand (he was an ambidexter) hitting Henri IV under the left arm; the King was bent on his right side after the first wound, a superficial one. Ravaillac jumped up on a post by his left foot, then on the nave of the left-back wheel with his right foot and turning, gripped something high on the coach and hit with his long knife the left side of the king's chest. The direction of the wound was 40 degrees posterior and 30 degrees ascending. The pulmonary perforation involved a haemoptysis, an inability to speak and a bilateral pulmonary inundation. The left haemothorax was very probably associated to an haemopericardium and an haemomediastinum leading to a rapid collapse with a loss of consciousness which could not last than ten or fifteen minutes before death.
法国国王亨利四世于1610年5月14日星期五在巴黎被刺身亡，当时他坐在半开的马车里。次日，雅克·吉约梅进行了尸检，其报告于1612年发表。凶手的位置是根据致命第二处伤口的方向推断出来的。我们推测拉瓦亚克用左手（他双手都很灵巧）在亨利四世左臂下方袭击了他；国王在第一处伤口（一处表皮伤）后向右侧弯腰。拉瓦亚克先用左脚跳到一根柱子上，然后用右脚跳到左后轮的轮毂上，转身抓住马车高处的某个东西，用长刀击中了国王胸部左侧。伤口方向是向后40度且向上30度。肺部穿孔导致咯血、无法说话以及双侧肺浸润。左侧血胸很可能伴有心包积血和纵隔积血，导致迅速崩溃并失去意识，在死亡前这种状态持续不超过十到十五分钟。
