Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 26; 71-460, Szczecin, Poland.
Brain Res. 2010 Jan 11;1307:142-8. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.10.035. Epub 2009 Oct 21.
The modern brain imaging studies in patients with eating disorders have shown that neurotransmitting regulation differs distinctly from control groups. These disturbances have involved serotonin and dopamine system can be inherited and conditioned by genes. The aim of this work has been the analysis of association between eating disorders of anorexia or bulimia type and two polymorphisms of COMT gene. The additional goal has been the analysis of correlation among chosen personality and psychological features of ED women with the research gene variations.
The group taken as research sample consisted of adult 103 women (mean age=22.45+/-3.8 years) suffered from serious ED with illness lasting minimum 12 months. According to ICD-10 criteria, 61 women were diagnosed as anorexia nervosa while as 42 bulimia nervosa. The control group consisted of 108 ethnically and age-matched women with excluded major psychiatric disorders. The study groups were filling up the Eating Disorders Inventory and the Temperament and Character Inventory. The genotype of catechol-O-methyltransferase in two polymorphisms rs4633 (his102his) and rs4680 (val158met) was determined.
The joined GGCT genotype increased the risk of having ED over fivefold and over sevenfold the risk of having bulimia. Also haplotype CT was found three times more often in ED women than in controls. Besides the homozygous genotypes, AACC and GGCC reduced substantially the relative risk of ED. The patients with the low activity COMT genotype scored higher in EDI scales ineffectiveness, drive for thinness and perfectionism. The high activity genotype was connected with underdeveloped features of character marked in the poor cooperativeness and the poor self-directedness. These connections among genotypes and character scales were more expressed in bulimia group.
现代脑成像研究表明，进食障碍患者的神经递质调节明显不同于对照组。这些紊乱涉及到血清素和多巴胺系统，可能受到基因的遗传和调节。本研究的目的是分析厌食症或贪食症型进食障碍与 COMT 基因两种多态性之间的关联。此外，还分析了 ED 女性选择的人格和心理特征与研究基因变异之间的相关性。
研究样本组由 103 名成年女性（平均年龄=22.45+/-3.8 岁）组成，患有严重的 ED，病史至少 12 个月。根据 ICD-10 标准，61 名女性被诊断为神经性厌食症，42 名女性被诊断为神经性贪食症。对照组由 108 名年龄和种族匹配且无重大精神障碍的女性组成。研究组填写了饮食障碍问卷和气质与性格问卷。测定了儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶两个多态性 rs4633（his102his）和 rs4680（val158met）的基因型。
联合 GGCT 基因型使 ED 的患病风险增加五倍以上，使贪食症的患病风险增加七倍以上。此外，ED 女性中 CT 单倍型的频率比对照组高三倍。除了纯合基因型外，AACC 和 GGCC 也显著降低了 ED 的相对风险。低活性 COMT 基因型的患者在 EDI 量表中的无效性、对消瘦的渴望和完美主义得分较高。高活性基因型与特征发育不良有关，表现为合作性差和自我指导能力差。这些基因型与性格量表之间的联系在贪食症组中更为明显。
