Senator Małgorzata, Kwiatkowska Barbara, Gronkiewicz Stanisław
Department of Anthropology, University of WrocŁaw, ul. Kuźnicza 35, 50-138 WrocŁaw, Poland.
Homo. 2009;60(6):535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.jchb.2009.09.003. Epub 2009 Oct 22.
Flattening and lowering of the skull base in response to improper bone growth is called platybasis, and is considered a sensitive and reliable indicator of adverse living conditions such as malnutrition and disease during the prenatal period and early childhood. The degree of platybasis was assessed in three series of skulls representing geographically distinct historical native populations from Europe, Australia and Africa. Platybasis was determined by measuring the height of the base of the skull. The degree of platybasis varied among the populations examined, and was the lowest in the Australian group, and the highest in the African group. This may be due to either variability of living conditions or genetic factors, which have an influence on robusticity and cranial architecture. There were also differences among the groups in terms of the other skull measurements and indices examined. The height of the base of the skull was generally greater in males than in females, which indicates sexual dimorphism or fact that females had worse living conditions. Correlation coefficients between the height of the base of the skull and other measurements including skull length and skull width were also calculated indicating significant relationships. The differences between the height of the base of the skull and height/length index and height/width index, were statistically significant.
颅骨底部因骨骼生长不当而变平并降低的情况被称为扁平颅底，它被认为是产前和幼儿期营养不良及疾病等不良生活条件的敏感且可靠指标。在代表来自欧洲、澳大利亚和非洲地理上不同的历史原住民群体的三组头骨中评估了扁平颅底的程度。扁平颅底是通过测量颅底的高度来确定的。所检查群体中扁平颅底的程度各不相同，在澳大利亚组中最低，在非洲组中最高。这可能是由于生活条件的差异或遗传因素，它们对骨骼粗壮度和颅骨结构有影响。在所检查的其他头骨测量值和指数方面，各组之间也存在差异。男性的颅底高度通常比女性大，这表明存在性别二态性，或者表明女性的生活条件较差。还计算了颅底高度与包括头骨长度和头骨宽度在内的其他测量值之间的相关系数，表明存在显著关系。颅底高度与高度/长度指数以及高度/宽度指数之间的差异具有统计学意义。
