Northern Rivers University Department of Rural Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Lismore, NSW, Australia.
Health Policy. 2010 Feb;94(2):175-81. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.09.003. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
To examine which health problems are associated with retirement due to ill-health among Australians aged 45-64 years.
Cross-sectional analysis of self-reported data of 1933 retired men and 3160 retired women aged 45 and over, living in NSW in 2008, who took part in the 45 and Up Study.
retirement due to ill-health versus retirement for other reasons.
Among retired women, those who reported ever having been told by a doctor that they had thrombosis, depression, osteoarthritis or cancer (except melanoma and skin and breast cancer), were twice as likely to have retired early due to ill-health as those without these health problems. The number of health problems associated with early retirement due to ill-health appeared to be slightly greater for men than for women. From most to least significant stroke, cancer (except melanoma and skin and prostate cancer), osteoarthritis, depression, anxiety and heart disease had significant associations with early retirement. In men and women, the strongest association with retirement due to ill-health was in self-reported health status.
Legislators, decision-makers, and health policymakers should be aware that several health problems are associated with early retirement due to ill-health among men and women aged 45-64 years. Interventions to prevent or treat these health problems would not only bring immediate health gains to the individuals themselves but would increase their ability to participate in the workforce and/or be otherwise productive in society. Interventions would need to be tailored for men and women separately, given the gender differences in disease profiles and social roles.
研究澳大利亚 45-64 岁人群中因健康不佳而提前退休的人所面临的健康问题。
对 2008 年新南威尔士州 45 岁及以上、参加“45 岁及以上研究”的 1933 名男性和 3160 名女性退休人员的自我报告数据进行横断面分析。
因健康不佳提前退休与因其他原因提前退休的比较。
在退休女性中，曾被医生告知患有血栓、抑郁、骨关节炎或癌症（黑色素瘤、皮肤癌和乳腺癌除外）的女性，因健康不佳而提前退休的可能性是没有这些健康问题的女性的两倍。与因健康不佳而提前退休相关的健康问题数量，男性似乎略多于女性。从最显著到最不显著，中风、癌症（黑色素瘤、皮肤癌和前列腺癌除外）、骨关节炎、抑郁、焦虑和心脏病与提前退休显著相关。在男性和女性中，与因健康不佳提前退休最显著相关的是自我报告的健康状况。
立法者、决策者和卫生政策制定者应认识到，45-64 岁人群中，多种健康问题与因健康不佳而提前退休有关。预防或治疗这些健康问题的干预措施不仅会给个人带来直接的健康收益，还会提高他们参与劳动力市场和/或在社会中发挥其他作用的能力。鉴于疾病谱和社会角色存在性别差异，干预措施需要分别针对男性和女性制定。
