Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY 10458, USA.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2010 Feb;30(1):78-88. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.09.005.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and debilitating condition that is relatively common in both children and adults, and it is associated with a wide range of functional impairments. Mental health researchers and practitioners have placed considerable attention on OCD over the past two decades, with the goal of advancing treatment and understanding its etiology. Until recently, it was unknown to what extent this disorder was associated with functional impairment. However, recent research shows that the condition has significant social and occupational liabilities. This article discusses etiology, common symptom presentations (including comorbid and ancillary symptoms), basic OCD subtypes, neuropsychological functioning, and the relation these have with functional disability in OCD. Recommendations for future research are also considered.
强迫症（OCD）是一种在儿童和成人中都相对常见的慢性和使人衰弱的疾病，它与广泛的功能障碍有关。在过去的二十年中，精神健康研究人员和从业者对 OCD 给予了相当多的关注，目的是推进治疗方法并了解其病因。直到最近，人们还不知道这种疾病在多大程度上与功能障碍有关。然而，最近的研究表明，这种疾病具有显著的社会和职业负担。本文讨论了 OCD 的病因、常见症状表现（包括共病和辅助症状）、基本 OCD 亚型、神经心理学功能，以及这些因素与 OCD 患者功能障碍的关系。还考虑了对未来研究的建议。
