Animal Waste Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104, United States.
Bioresour Technol. 2010 Mar;101(6):1662-7. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.078. Epub 2009 Oct 23.
In this study, the comparison and monitoring of the initial greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions using a flux chamber and gas analyzer from three different liquid manure application methods at a swine farm in Kentucky were carried out. Swine slurry was applied to farmland by row injection, surface spray, and Aerway injection. Ammonia and GHG concentrations were monitored immediately after application, 72 and 216h after application. The results showed that the initial ammonia flux ranged from 5.80 mg m(-2)h(-1) for the surface spray method to 1.80 mg m(-2)h(-1) for the row injection method. The initial fluxes of methane ranged from 8.75 mg m(-2)h(-1) for surface spray to 2.27 mg m(-2)h(-1) for Aerway injection, carbon dioxide ranged from 4357 mg m(-2)h(-1) for surface spray to 60 mg m(-2)h(-1) for row injection, and nitrous oxide ranged from 0.89 mg m(-2)h(-1) for surface spray to 0.22 mg m(-2)h(-1) for row injection. However, the Aerway injection method seemed to create the highest gas (GHG) concentrations inside the monitoring chambers at the initial application and produced the highest gas fluxes at subsequent sampling time (e.g., 72h after application). Nevertheless, the surface spray method appeared to produce the highest gas fluxes, and the row injection method appeared to emit the least amount of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Gas fluxes decreased over time and did not depend on the initial headspace concentration in the monitoring flux chambers.
本研究比较和监测了肯塔基州一个养猪场三种不同液态粪肥施用方法（即：条施、表面喷施和 Aerway 施注）下使用通量箱和气体分析仪的初始温室气体（GHG）排放。将猪粪浆施用到农田中，分别采用条施、表面喷施和 Aerway 施注方法。施用后立即、72 小时和 216 小时监测氨和 GHG 浓度。结果表明，表面喷施法的初始氨通量范围为 5.80mgm(-2)h(-1)，条施法为 1.80mgm(-2)h(-1)。表面喷施法的初始甲烷通量范围为 8.75mgm(-2)h(-1)，Aerway 施注法为 2.27mgm(-2)h(-1)；二氧化碳通量范围为表面喷施法 4357mgm(-2)h(-1)，条施法 60mgm(-2)h(-1)；氧化亚氮通量范围为表面喷施法 0.89mgm(-2)h(-1)，条施法 0.22mgm(-2)h(-1)。然而，在初始施用时，Aerway 施注法似乎在监测室内产生了最高的气体（GHG）浓度，并在随后的采样时间（例如施用后 72 小时）产生了最高的气体通量。然而，表面喷施法似乎产生了最高的气体通量，条施法似乎向大气中排放的温室气体最少。随着时间的推移，气体通量减少，而不受监测通量室内初始顶部空间浓度的影响。
