North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2009 Dec;13(5-6):678-86. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.09.026. Epub 2009 Oct 24.
Recently, several advances have been made in the activation and deactivation of gene expression using light. These developments are based on the application of small molecule inducers of gene expression, antisense- or RNA interference-mediated gene silencing, and the photochemical control of proteins regulating gene function. The majority of the examples employ a classical 'caging technology', through the chemical installation of a light-removable protecting group on the biological molecule (small molecule, oligonucleotide, or protein) of interest and rendering it inactive. UV light irradiation then removes the caging group and activates the molecule, enabling control over gene activity with high spatial and temporal resolution.
最近，人们在利用光激活和失活基因表达方面取得了一些进展。这些进展基于小分子诱导物、反义或 RNA 干扰介导的基因沉默以及调节基因功能的蛋白质的光化学控制的应用。大多数例子都采用了经典的“笼蔽技术”，即将光去除保护基安装在感兴趣的生物分子（小分子、寡核苷酸或蛋白质）上，并使其失活。然后用紫外线照射去除笼蔽基团，激活分子，实现对基因活性的高时空分辨率控制。
