Harriet E Hollander
Am J Clin Hypn. 2009 Oct;52(2):95-109. doi: 10.1080/00029157.2009.10401701.
Eye Closure, Eye Movements (ECEM) is a hypnotically-based approach to treatment that incorporates eye movements adapted from the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) protocol in conjunction with hypnosis for the treatment of depersonalization disorder. Depersonalization Disorder has been differentiated from post-traumatic stress disorders and has recently been conceptualized as a subtype of panic disorder (Baker et al., 2003; David, Phillips, Medford, & Sierra, 2004; Segui et. al., 2000). During ECEM, while remaining in a hypnotic state, clients self-generated six to seven trials of eye movements to reduce anticipatory anxiety associated with depersonalization disorder. Eye movements were also used to process triggers that elicited breath holding, often followed by episodes of depersonalization. Hypnotic suggestions were used to reverse core symptoms of depersonalization, subjectively described as "feeling unreal" (Simeon et al., 1997).
闭眼与眼球运动疗法（ECEM）是一种基于催眠的治疗方法，它结合了从眼动脱敏再处理疗法（EMDR）方案改编而来的眼球运动，并结合催眠来治疗人格解体障碍。人格解体障碍已与创伤后应激障碍区分开来，最近被概念化为惊恐障碍的一种亚型（贝克等人，2003年；大卫、菲利普斯、梅德福德和西拉，2004年；塞吉等人，2000年）。在ECEM治疗过程中，患者在保持催眠状态的同时，自行进行六到七次眼球运动试验，以减少与人格解体障碍相关的预期焦虑。眼球运动还被用于处理引发屏气的触发因素，屏气之后往往会出现人格解体发作。催眠暗示被用于逆转人格解体的核心症状，主观上描述为“感觉不真实”（西梅翁等人，1997年）。
