Dao Sounkalo, Konaté Issa, Oumar Aboubacar Alassane, Sacko Massambou, Maiga Ibrahim, Toure Kandioura, Diarra Seydou, Bougoudogo Flabou
Maître de conférences de maladies infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine, de pharmacie et d'Odontostomatologie (FMPOS).
Sante Publique. 2009 May-Jun;21(3):263-9.
Cholera represents a public health problem in developing countries like Mali.
This work aims to describe the characteristics of the cholera epidemics which occurred in Mali between 1995 and 2004.
A retrospective survey was conducted within the Division of the fight against the diseases of epidemic potential and the Institute of Public Health and Research of the Ministry of Health of Mali. Individual medical records tracking the follow-up of patients as well as the registers of these structures were used as sources to collect data for the study.
There were 12,176 cases of cholera recorded, including 1,406 deaths, from 1995 to 2004. Cholera outbreaks in Mali have been a regular occurrence every year since 2001. The regions of Mopti and Segou seem to be the most impacted by these epidemics. The lethal rates were higher than 1% at the time of each of these epidemics during this period. Vibrio cholerae O: 1, biotype El Tor were responsible for the epidemics, and the serotype Ogawa was prevalent.
Cholera epidemics have been constant in Mali since the beginning of the 21st century in spite of the efforts which have been made to prevent and control them. A rigorous analysis of the factors which support this persistence and appropriate measures are essential to reverse cholera in this country.
霍乱在马里等发展中国家是一个公共卫生问题。
本研究旨在描述1995年至2004年期间在马里发生的霍乱疫情特征。
在马里卫生部流行病防治司以及公共卫生与研究所进行了一项回顾性调查。跟踪患者随访情况的个人病历以及这些机构的登记册被用作收集研究数据的来源。
1995年至2004年期间，共记录了12176例霍乱病例，其中1406例死亡。自2001年以来，马里每年都定期爆发霍乱疫情。莫普提和塞古地区似乎受这些疫情影响最为严重。在此期间，每次疫情发生时致死率均高于1%。霍乱弧菌O:1型，埃尔托生物型引发了这些疫情，且小川血清型较为普遍。
尽管已努力预防和控制霍乱，但自21世纪初以来，马里霍乱疫情一直持续。对导致这种持续情况的因素进行严格分析并采取适当措施对于扭转该国霍乱局势至关重要。
