[Neurological aspects of the differential diagnosis of low back pain (author's transl)].

The close relationships between the bony spinal column, spinal marrow and the emerging nerve roots explain the frequency of neurological symptoms of diseases in the region of the lumbar vertebrae, the sacrum and the pelvis. After a short description of the local diagnostic signs in lumbosacral pains, further important differential diagnostic aspects of the changes in the vertebral column besides those of the intervertebral disks, inflammatory changes in the vertebrae, intramedullary tumors as well as a few rare pain syndromes in peripheral nerve diseases are discussed.