Hunterian Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore.
J Exp Med. 1913 Jun 1;17(6):612-35. doi: 10.1084/jem.17.6.612.
The intravenous injection of red cells obtained from the same animal and laked by distilled water is similar to certain types of hemolysis which result in hematogenous jaundice. This procedure cannot be criticized on the grounds of introducing toxic substances. The hemoglobin circulating in the blood stream is rapidly changed, in part at least, to bile pigment. The change goes on with practically the same rapidity in a normal circulation, in an Eck fistula animal, and in a dog with Eck fistula and hepatic artery ligation. Moreover, the bile pigment formation goes on in a dog whose liver, spleen, and intestines have been shut out of the circulation, and in those with a head and thorax circulation. In the last experiments there had been no operative manipulation of the liver and the bile pigment could not have escaped from the liver and have been absorbed by the circulation above the diaphragm; for example, by the thoracic duct. It is possible that the endothelium of the blood vessels is the agent which brings about the rapid change of hemoglobin to bile pigment. This mechanism probably comes into play when there has been a destruction of many red cells with much hemoglobin free in the plasma. We may conclude that in dogs, at least, hemoglobin can be rapidly changed into bile pigment in the circulating blood without participation of the liver.
将同一种动物的红细胞通过蒸馏水制成悬液并进行静脉注射，这种方法类似于某些类型的溶血性贫血，会导致血源性黄疸。这种方法不能因为引入了有毒物质而受到批评。循环血液中的血红蛋白会迅速发生变化，至少部分会转化为胆色素。在正常循环、Eck 瘘管动物和 Eck 瘘管加肝动脉结扎的狗中，这种变化几乎以相同的速度进行。此外，当肝脏、脾脏和肠道被排除在循环之外，以及当头部和胸部循环时，狗也会发生胆色素形成。在最后的实验中，肝脏没有进行手术操作，胆色素不可能从肝脏逸出并被膈上循环吸收，例如通过胸导管。血管内皮可能是将血红蛋白迅速转化为胆色素的原因。当血液中游离的血红蛋白大量破坏许多红细胞时，这种机制可能会发挥作用。我们可以得出结论，至少在狗中，血红蛋白可以在循环血液中迅速转化为胆色素，而无需肝脏参与。
