Hospital of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research.
J Exp Med. 1921 Jan 1;33(1):69-75. doi: 10.1084/jem.33.1.69.
Attention is called to the fact that bacteria may be preserved for a long time by desiccation in the frozen state. It has been shown that it is necessary to maintain the frozen condition until desiccation is complete; if the fluid melts before the moisture is completely removed, the organisms are killed, probably because of the concentration of the salts upon the surface of the bacteria. By the simple expedient of immersing the tubes of organisms in glycerol contained in a desiccator and subsequently keeping the whole apparatus in a salt-ice mixture until drying is complete, the organisms are easily maintained in the frozen state, and dry properly. Bacteria preserved in this manner retain their cultural, biochemical, and immunological characters for prolonged periods.
人们注意到，细菌在冷冻干燥的状态下可以长时间保存。研究表明，必须保持冷冻状态，直到干燥完成；如果在水分完全去除之前液体融化，生物体会死亡，这可能是因为细菌表面盐分的浓缩。通过将含有甘油的生物管简单地浸入干燥器中，然后将整个装置保持在盐冰混合物中，直到干燥完成，生物很容易保持在冷冻状态并适当干燥。以这种方式保存的细菌可以长时间保持其培养、生化和免疫学特性。
