Stamler J, Rose G, Elliott P, Dyer A, Marmot M, Kesteloot H, Stamler R
Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Ill. 60611.
Hypertension. 1991 Jan;17(1 Suppl):I9-15. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.17.1_suppl.i9.
INTERSALT, an international cooperative study on electrolytes and other factors related to blood pressure, found, in within-population analyses involving 10,079 persons, a significant positive association between 24-hour urinary sodium excretion and systolic blood pressure and between the sodium/potassium ratio and systolic blood pressure. These significant findings were derived from analyses for individuals from all 52 centers and from the 48 centers remaining when persons from four low sodium centers were excluded. Potassium excretion of individuals was significantly and independently related inversely to their systolic blood pressure. For men and women, both separate and combined, the relation between sodium and systolic blood pressure was stronger for older than younger adults, perhaps reflecting the result of longer exposure with age or diminished capacity to handle a sodium load. Relations between electrolyte excretion and diastolic blood pressure in individuals were weaker than for systolic blood pressure. Body mass index and heavy alcohol consumption of individuals were strongly and independently related to blood pressure. In cross-population analyses with n = 52 or n = 48, sample median sodium excretion was significantly and independently related to the slope of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure with age. Other ecological analyses yielded inconsistent results. Four isolated populations showed low sodium excretion, low sodium/potassium excretion, low body mass index, and low alcohol consumption; sample median blood pressures were low, there was little or no upward slope of blood pressure with age, and high blood pressure was rare or nonexistent.
国际食盐与血压关系研究（INTERSALT）是一项关于电解质及其他与血压相关因素的国际合作研究。在涉及10079人的人群内部分析中，发现24小时尿钠排泄量与收缩压之间、钠/钾比值与收缩压之间存在显著的正相关关系。这些显著发现来自对所有52个中心个体的分析，以及排除四个低钠中心人员后剩余48个中心的分析。个体的钾排泄量与收缩压呈显著且独立的负相关。对于男性和女性，无论分开还是合并分析，钠与收缩压之间的关系在老年人中比年轻人中更强，这可能反映了随着年龄增长接触时间更长或处理钠负荷能力下降的结果。个体电解质排泄与舒张压之间的关系比与收缩压之间的关系弱。个体的体重指数和大量饮酒与血压密切且独立相关。在n = 52或n = 48的跨人群分析中，样本中位数钠排泄量与收缩压和舒张压随年龄变化的斜率显著且独立相关。其他生态分析得出的结果不一致。四个孤立人群的钠排泄量低、钠/钾排泄量低、体重指数低且饮酒量低；样本中位数血压低，血压随年龄几乎没有或没有上升趋势，高血压很少见或不存在。
