Yonezawa Tomohiro, Koori Miyuki, Kikusui Takefumi, Mori Yuji
Department of Veterinary Physiology, the Universiyt of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Zoolog Sci. 2009 Nov;26(11):739-44. doi: 10.2108/zsj.26.739.
Pairing and physical confrontation In adult sows causes social stress reactions and aggressive behaviors. Recently, maternal pig skin secretions were Isolated and a mixture containing several fatty acids, now called pig appeasing pheromone (PAP), was synthesized. In this study, we Investigated the effects of PAP on social and Immune stress response In adult female miniature pigs. PAP or vehicle solvents were sprayed Into the pens of Individually housed adult sows. A two-week exposure to the pheromone did not alter basal salivary Cortisol levels or clrcadlan rhythms. Following this treatment, the animals were paired and placed In a new pen that was divided with a wire-mesh fence. Although salivary cortisol Increased markedly In the vehicle-treated group, the PAP-treated group exhibited a drastic Inhibition of cortisol secretion. This effect was sustained even after they were allowed to physically Interact following fence removal. Moreover, the latency time of agonistic behaviors, such as escaping or biting, was significantly extended after PAP exposure. When lipopolysaccharide was Injected Intramuscularly, Cortisol levels, rectal temperatures, and lying time lengths Increased substantially. No differences were observed between the pheromone-treated and untreated groups. These results suggest that this synthetic pheromone alleviates social stress In adult pigs, although It does not affect Immune stress responses. Our findings demonstrate the potential benefit of this pheromone In field applications and clinical disciplines relating to adult female pigs.
成年母猪之间的配对和身体对抗会引发社会应激反应和攻击行为。最近，从母猪皮肤分泌物中分离出了一种含有多种脂肪酸的混合物，现在被称为猪安抚信息素（PAP），并进行了合成。在本研究中，我们调查了PAP对成年雌性小型猪的社会应激和免疫应激反应的影响。将PAP或溶剂喷洒到单独饲养的成年母猪的围栏中。为期两周的信息素暴露并未改变基础唾液皮质醇水平或昼夜节律。经过这种处理后，将这些动物配对并放置在一个用铁丝网围栏隔开的新围栏中。虽然在溶剂处理组中唾液皮质醇显著增加，但PAP处理组的皮质醇分泌受到了显著抑制。即使在移除围栏后允许它们进行身体互动，这种效果仍然持续。此外，在接触PAP后，诸如逃跑或咬斗等攻击行为的潜伏期显著延长。当肌肉注射脂多糖时，皮质醇水平、直肠温度和躺卧时间长度大幅增加。在信息素处理组和未处理组之间未观察到差异。这些结果表明，这种合成信息素可减轻成年猪的社会应激，尽管它不影响免疫应激反应。我们的研究结果证明了这种信息素在与成年雌性猪相关的现场应用和临床学科中的潜在益处。
