Université de Lyon, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2010 Apr;25(4):224-32. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2009.09.007. Epub 2009 Oct 31.
Genomes conceal a vast intricate record of their carriers' descent and evolution. To disclose this information, biologists need phylogenetic models that integrate various levels of organization, ranging from nucleotide sequences to ecological interactions. Rates of duplication and horizontal gene transfer, organism trees and ancestral population sizes can all be inferred through statistical models of gene family evolution and population genetics. Similarly, phylogenomics combined with other fields of natural sciences can reveal the nature of ancient phenotypes and paleoenvironments. These computationally intensive approaches now benefit from progress in statistics and algorithmics. In this article, we review the recent advances and discuss possible developments towards a comprehensive reconstruction of the history of life.
基因组隐藏着其携带者的血统和进化的大量复杂记录。为了揭示这些信息，生物学家需要能够整合从核苷酸序列到生态相互作用等不同层次的组织的系统发育模型。通过基因家族进化和群体遗传学的统计模型，可以推断出重复和水平基因转移、生物系统发育树和祖先群体大小的速率。同样，与其他自然科学领域相结合的系统发生基因组学也可以揭示古代表型和古环境的本质。这些计算密集型方法现在受益于统计学和算法学的进步。在本文中，我们回顾了最近的进展，并讨论了朝着全面重建生命历史的方向可能的发展。
