Goiato Marcelo Coelho, Pellizzer Eduardo Piza, Barão Valentim Adelino Ricardo, dos Santos Daniela Micheline, de Carvalho Bruno Machado, Magro-Filho Osvaldo, Garcia Idelmo Rangel
UNESP--Araçatuba Dental School, Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, José Bonifácio, 1193, Araçatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil.
J Craniofac Surg. 2009 Nov;20(6):2143-9. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181bec72c.
The treatment with implants aims to obtain a direct interface between bone and implant. The implant is kept load-free during 4 to 6 months in the 2-stage procedure, which is considered a requisite for osseointegration. However, this period is based on empirical principles and uncomfortable for patient. So, the immediate loading protocol was suggested to submit implants to occlusal function after placement. This protocol has been applied for several conditions of edentulism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment alternatives for immediate loading of complete and partial edentulous patients. In general, the studies have demonstrated high previsibility for rehabilitation of complete edentulous arches with full-arch, implant-supported prosthesis. The rehabilitation with immediate loading for maxillary overdenture is questionable because there is no longitudinal study in literature. The studies with partial edentulous arches have demonstrated high success rates for implants placed in the mandibular and maxillary anterior region. Additional care is recommended for posterior region mainly in the maxillary arch, and further studies are suggested to corroborate this treatment.
植入物治疗旨在实现骨与植入物之间的直接界面。在两阶段手术中，植入物在4至6个月内保持无负载状态，这被认为是骨整合的必要条件。然而，这一时期基于经验原则，对患者来说并不舒适。因此，有人提出了即刻负重方案，即在植入后使植入物承受咬合功能。该方案已应用于多种无牙情况。本研究的目的是评估全口和部分无牙患者即刻负重的治疗选择。总体而言，研究表明使用全牙弓种植体支持的假体修复全口无牙牙弓具有很高的可预测性。上颌覆盖义齿即刻负重修复存在疑问，因为文献中没有纵向研究。部分无牙牙弓的研究表明，在下颌和上颌前部区域植入种植体成功率很高。对于后部区域，主要是在上颌牙弓，建议给予额外护理，并建议进一步研究以证实这种治疗方法。
