Feusner Jamie D, Hembacher Emily, Phillips Katharine A
UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
CNS Spectr. 2009 Sep;14(9):503-13. doi: 10.1017/s1092852900023567.
The basic science literature is replete with descriptions of naturally occurring or experimentally induced pathological grooming behaviors in animals, which are widely considered animal models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). These animal models rely largely on observed similarities between animal behaviors and human OCD behaviors, and on studies of animal pathological grooming disorders that respond to serotonin enhancing drugs. However, current limitations in assessment of complex cognition and affect in animals precludes the field's ability to match the driving primary processes behind observable phenomenology in animal "OCD" with human behavioral disorders. We propose that excessive grooming behaviors in animals may eventually prove to be equally, or possibly more relevant to, other conditions in humans that involve pathological grooming or grooming-like behaviors, such as trichotillomania, body dysmorphic disorder, olfactory reference syndrome, compulsive skin-picking, and onychophagia. Research is needed to better understand pathological grooming behaviors in both humans and animals, as animal models have the potential to elucidate pathogenic mechanisms and inform the treatment of these psychiatric conditions in humans.
基础科学文献中充斥着对动物自然发生或实验诱导的病理性梳理行为的描述，这些行为被广泛认为是强迫症（OCD）的动物模型。这些动物模型很大程度上依赖于动物行为与人类强迫症行为之间观察到的相似性，以及对可对血清素增强药物产生反应的动物病理性梳理障碍的研究。然而，目前在评估动物复杂认知和情感方面的局限性使得该领域无法将动物“OCD”中可观察到的现象背后的驱动主要过程与人类行为障碍相匹配。我们认为，动物的过度梳理行为最终可能被证明与人类其他涉及病理性梳理或类似梳理行为的病症同样相关，甚至可能更相关，如拔毛癖、躯体变形障碍、嗅觉参考综合征、强迫性皮肤搔抓和咬甲癖。需要开展研究以更好地理解人类和动物的病理性梳理行为，因为动物模型有潜力阐明致病机制并为人类这些精神病症的治疗提供信息。
