Liver Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Cancer Biol Ther. 2009 Sep;8(18):1686-93. doi: 10.4161/cbt.8.18.8898.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignant cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Molecular profiling of changes in gene expression has improved our understanding of the HCC mechanism, allowing the identification of biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and HCC patient stratification for prognosis and therapy. Recently, a new group of molecules, microRNAs, has been discovered to be aberrantly expressed in HCC and some of them are functionally involved in HCC carcinogenesis and progression. Further, certain microRNAs are associated with HCC or related to HCC subtypes, implying the potential of microRNAs for HCC patient stratification of diagnosis and prognosis. Some of these HCC-associated microRNAs have been validated in independent cohorts, paving the way for developing clinically useful platforms to assess HCC risk, aiding HCC diagnosis and assisting in HCC patient stratification with the potential for personalized adjuvant therapy. Here, we mainly focus on the diagnostic and prognostic roles of miRNAs as a group of new biomarkers for HCC.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球第五大常见恶性肿瘤，也是癌症死亡的第三大主要原因。基因表达变化的分子谱分析提高了我们对 HCC 机制的理解，有助于确定 HCC 诊断的生物标志物和 HCC 患者的分层，以进行预后和治疗。最近，一组新的分子，microRNAs，被发现异常表达于 HCC，其中一些分子在 HCC 的发生和发展中具有功能作用。此外，某些 microRNAs 与 HCC 相关或与 HCC 亚型相关，这意味着 microRNAs 有可能用于 HCC 患者的分层诊断和预后。其中一些与 HCC 相关的 microRNAs 已经在独立的队列中得到验证，为开发临床有用的评估 HCC 风险的平台铺平了道路，有助于 HCC 的诊断，并有助于 HCC 患者分层，具有潜在的个体化辅助治疗。在这里，我们主要关注 microRNAs 作为一组 HCC 的新型生物标志物的诊断和预后作用。
