Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University and Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York-Presbyterian, New York, NY 10032, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2009 Dec;30(6):535-43. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181c35ee4.
To determine in low birth weight infants the relations of being small for gestational age at birth, microcephalic at birth, low weight for age at 2 years, and microcephalic at 2 years to full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) at the age of 16 years.
A prospective observational study of 422 of 837 eligible nondisabled low birth weight (<2000 g) adolescents from the newborn brain hemorrhage cohort with weight and head circumference at birth and at the age of 2 years in whom FSIQ was assessed with the Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence at the age of 16 years.
In a multiple regression analysis, being small for gestational age (beta = -0.14, p = .02) and microcephalic at 2 years (beta = -0.18, p < .001), but not low weight for age at 2 years or microcephaly at birth, had significant independent effects on 16-year FSIQ. After adjusting for pre-, peri-, and postnatal risk factors for poor cognitive performance, the independent effects of being small for gestational age (beta = -0.13, p = .004) and microcephalic at 2 years (beta = -0.13, p = .01) persisted. In this analysis, birth social risk had the largest significant independent effect on 16-year FSIQ (beta = -0.28, p < .001).
Being small for gestational age at birth, but not low weight for age at 2 years, and microcephaly at 2 years, but not at birth, were independently related to FSIQ of nondisabled low birth weight adolescents, both with and without control for pre-, peri-, and postnatal risk factors.
在低出生体重儿中，确定出生时小于胎龄、出生时头小畸形、2 岁时体重小于年龄、2 岁时头小畸形与 16 岁时全量表智商（FSIQ）的关系。
对 837 名符合条件的无残疾低出生体重儿（<2000 克）队列中的 422 名新生儿脑出血队列进行前瞻性观察研究，这些婴儿在出生时和 2 岁时的体重和头围，在 16 岁时使用韦氏简明智力量表进行 FSIQ 评估。
在多元回归分析中，小于胎龄（β=-0.14，p=0.02）和 2 岁时头小畸形（β=-0.18，p<0.001），但 2 岁时体重不足或出生时头小畸形，对 16 岁时的 FSIQ 有显著的独立影响。在校正了认知表现不良的产前、围产期和产后危险因素后，小于胎龄（β=-0.13，p=0.004）和 2 岁时头小畸形（β=-0.13，p=0.01）的独立影响仍然存在。在这项分析中，出生社会风险对 16 岁时的 FSIQ 有最大的显著独立影响（β=-0.28，p<0.001）。
出生时小于胎龄，但 2 岁时体重不足，以及 2 岁时头小畸形，但出生时不头小畸形，与无残疾低出生体重儿的 FSIQ 独立相关，无论是否控制产前、围产期和产后的危险因素。
