Gooneratne I K, Ranaweera A K P, Liyanarachchi N P, Gunawardane N, Lanerolle R D
Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2008 Apr;28(2):60-4. doi: 10.4103/0973-3930.43101.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by progressive destruction of renal mass with irreversible sclerosis and loss of nephrons over a period of months to years, depending on the underlying etiology.
To describe demographic patterns and identify common causes of CKD in patients admitted to ward 41 and 48B, National Hospital of Sri Lanka.
A hospital based descriptive 3-month study was conducted at ward 41 and 48B, National Hospital of Sri Lanka. A case record form was used to record sociodemographic variables, stage of renal disease, and etiology of patients in established chronic renal failure. Sources of data included patient interviews, diagnosis cards and case records, ultrasound scan reports, and biopsy findings.
One hundred and twenty-one patients were recruited with male to female ratio being 2.5:1 (86:35). Mean age of the population was 47.8 years (SD +/- 13.7). Common causes of CKD identified in these patients included diabetic nephropathy (37, 30.6%), hypertension (16, 13.2%), glomerulonephritis (12, 9.9%), and obstructive uropathy (10, 8.3%). The cause was unknown in 25.6% of patients with chronic renal disease. Fifty percent of patients were from the Western Province. The leading cause of CKD in patients from the Western Province was diabetic nephropathy (26, 37.7%). The etiology of CKD was unknown in majority of the patients (14, 27.4%) from other provinces. The difference in incidence of diabetic nephropathy in the Western Province as to other provinces was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
Diabetes is a major contributor to CKD reflecting changing disease epidemiology in Sri Lanka.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）的特征是肾实质进行性破坏，伴有不可逆的硬化，且根据潜在病因不同，在数月至数年的时间里会出现肾单位丢失。
描述斯里兰卡国家医院41号和48B号病房收治的CKD患者的人口统计学模式，并确定其常见病因。
在斯里兰卡国家医院41号和48B号病房进行了一项为期3个月的基于医院的描述性研究。使用病例记录表记录社会人口统计学变量、肾脏疾病阶段以及确诊为慢性肾衰竭患者的病因。数据来源包括患者访谈、诊断卡和病例记录、超声扫描报告以及活检结果。
共招募了121名患者，男女比例为2.5:1（86:35）。人群的平均年龄为47.8岁（标准差±13.7）。这些患者中确定的CKD常见病因包括糖尿病肾病（37例，30.6%）、高血压（16例，13.2%）、肾小球肾炎（12例，9.9%）和梗阻性尿路病（10例，8.3%）。25.6%的慢性肾脏病患者病因不明。50%的患者来自西部省份。西部省份患者中CKD的主要病因是糖尿病肾病（26例，37.7%）。其他省份的大多数患者（14例，27.4%）CKD的病因不明。西部省份与其他省份糖尿病肾病发病率的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。
糖尿病是CKD的主要促成因素，反映了斯里兰卡疾病流行病学的变化。
