Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate, 024-0003, Japan.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Mar;86(2):615-23. doi: 10.1007/s00253-009-2323-y. Epub 2009 Nov 10.
Mushrooms contain large quantities of alpha-glucans. Shiitake (Lentinula edodes), Japan's most popular edible mushroom, has been reported to contain about 6% (weight/dried weight) of alpha-(1,3)-glucan. This glucan is one of the major components of oral biofilm formed by the cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. We found that extracts from shiitake and other edible mushrooms could reduce preformed biofilms of S. mutans and S. sobrinus in the presence of dextranase. We also investigated the alpha-glucanase activities of shiitake mushroom extracts and their effects on biofilm formation. The extracts possessed alpha-glucanase activity and degraded water-insoluble glucans from mutans streptococci. The extracts strongly inhibited the sucrose-dependent formation of biofilms by S. mutans and S. sobrinus in the presence of dextranase. Our results suggest that some components of mushrooms, including alpha-glucanases, might inhibit the sucrose-induced formation of oral biofilms.
蘑菇含有大量的α-葡聚糖。日本最受欢迎的食用蘑菇香菇（Lentinula edodes）被报道含有约 6%（重量/干重）的α-（1,3）-葡聚糖。这种葡聚糖是致龋细菌变形链球菌和远缘链球菌形成口腔生物膜的主要成分之一。我们发现，在葡聚糖酶存在的情况下，香菇和其他食用蘑菇的提取物可以减少变形链球菌和远缘链球菌的预成型生物膜。我们还研究了香菇提取物中的α-葡聚糖酶活性及其对生物膜形成的影响。提取物具有α-葡聚糖酶活性，并降解变形链球菌中的水不溶性葡聚糖。提取物在葡聚糖酶存在的情况下强烈抑制了蔗糖依赖性变形链球菌和远缘链球菌生物膜的形成。我们的结果表明，蘑菇中的某些成分，包括α-葡聚糖酶，可能抑制蔗糖诱导的口腔生物膜形成。
