Professor Emeritus, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin and Research Professor, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX, USA.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2010 Mar;141(3):463-75. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21167.
Secular change in adult height of residents in a rural indigenous community in the Valley of Oaxaca was evaluated. Subjects were measured in 1971 (49 males, 26 females 19-70 years), 1978 (128 males, 124 females 19-82 years) and 2000 (155 males, 255 females 19-89 years). Heights were adjusted for estimated loss with age using two protocols; height at 21 years of age was also estimated. The effects of age and secular factors on measured and adjusted heights were evaluated through segmented linear regressions for three birth periods, <1930, 1930 through 1959 and >or=1960 which approximate significant periods in Mexican history. Secular increase in height occurred but estimated rates varied over time and between sexes. Males born before 1930 showed a secular increase in height but females did not. Adults of both sexes born 1930-1959 showed secular gains and estimated rates did not differ. The secular gain in height continued among those born 1960 and later and estimated rates were similar in both sexes. Estimated height at 21 years of age increased in males (not significant) but not in females born before 1930, showed little or no change in those born between 1930-1959, and increased (not significant) in those born 1960 and later. Combining observations on adults with those for youth in the community indicated several phases of secular change in height that varied with years of birth.
评估了瓦哈卡山谷一个农村土著社区居民成人身高的长期变化。在 1971 年（男性 49 人，女性 26 人，年龄 19-70 岁）、1978 年（男性 128 人，女性 124 人，年龄 19-82 岁）和 2000 年（男性 155 人，女性 255 人，年龄 19-89 岁）对受试者进行了测量。使用两种方案，根据年龄估计损失对身高进行了调整；还估计了 21 岁时的身高。通过对三个出生时期（<1930 年、1930 年至 1959 年和>=1960 年）的分段线性回归，评估了年龄和长期因素对实测和调整身高的影响，这三个时期分别对应墨西哥历史上的几个重要时期。身高确实出现了长期增长，但估计增长率随时间和性别而变化。1930 年以前出生的男性身高呈长期增长趋势，但女性则不然。1930-1959 年出生的男女成年人身高均有所增长，估计增长率没有差异。1960 年及以后出生的人身高继续增长，估计增长率在两性之间相似。1930 年以前出生的男性（不显著）和女性身高估计值在 21 岁时有所增加，1930-1959 年出生的人身高变化不大，1960 年及以后出生的人身高则有所增加（不显著）。将社区内成年人的观察结果与青少年的观察结果结合起来表明，身高的长期变化存在几个阶段，因出生年份而有所不同。
