College of Health Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-dong, Seodaemungu, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
Public Health Nurs. 2009 Nov-Dec;26(6):523-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.2009.00812.x.
This study aimed to examine the effects of exercise programs on physical fitness, depression, and self-efficacy in low-income elderly women (age > or = 75).
A pretest-posttest experimental research design with a control group was used. The sample consisted of 26 women in the exercise group and 22 women in the wait-list control group in Seoul, Korea.
The measures of physical fitness included body mass index, cardiopulmonary endurance (blood pressure and heart rate), muscle strength (hand grip strength), flexibility (degree of bending of the upper body), and balance (duration of time for which the subject could stand on one foot). Depression and self-efficacy were measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale and a modified form of Lee's scale, respectively. All measures were obtained twice: at baseline and at the completion of the exercise program.
The exercise program consisted of 4 weeks of education along with 8 weeks of physical exercise.
After the intervention, significant improvements were found in depression, self-efficacy, and all measures of physical fitness, except heart rate and flexibility, in the experimental group.
The exercise program may be recommended as a method to maintain and promote the health of low-income elderly women.
本研究旨在探讨运动方案对低收入老年女性（年龄≥75 岁）身体机能、抑郁和自我效能的影响。
采用前后测实验设计，对照组为 26 名参加运动组的女性和 22 名参加候补名单对照组的女性。这些女性都来自韩国首尔。
身体机能的测量包括体重指数、心肺耐力（血压和心率）、肌肉力量（手握力）、柔韧性（上身弯曲程度）和平衡（单脚站立的时间）。抑郁和自我效能分别通过流行病学研究中心抑郁量表和李的量表的改良版进行测量。所有的措施都在两次测量中获得：基线和运动方案完成时。
运动方案包括 4 周的教育和 8 周的身体锻炼。
干预后，实验组的抑郁、自我效能以及除心率和柔韧性以外的所有身体机能测量指标都有显著改善。
运动方案可以作为一种维持和促进低收入老年女性健康的方法。
