Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH 44106-7123, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2010 Jul;124(1-2):90-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2009.10.020. Epub 2009 Nov 10.
Suicide attempters and completers may represent different but overlapping groups of distressed individuals. Although depression is related to an increased risk of suicide, the presence of depression may not discriminate suicide attempters from completers. The present study compared suicide attempters and suicide completers on symptoms of depression, the presence of suicide-related variables and stressful life events.
The present study sought to identify the key differences between 50 suicide attempters and 50 completers, all diagnosed with a Major Depressive Disorder at the time of their suicidal act.
Suicide attempters and family member informants of suicide completers participated in a thorough psychosocial evaluation. To maximize comparisons with completers, suicide attempters were subclassified based on the lethality of their attempt.
Suicide attempters and completers were similar on most measures of depressive symptoms. However, suicide completers were significantly more likely to use alcohol or drugs prior to their suicidal act and they were more likely to leave a suicide note. Suicide completers were significantly more likely to have encountered significant job stress and financial problems.
The present findings have documented several similarities and differences between suicide attempters and suicide completers. Future research may help to clarify the key warning signs that reflect the risk of completed suicide in adults who have been diagnosed with a Major Depressive Disorder.
自杀未遂者和自杀既遂者可能代表着不同但重叠的痛苦人群。虽然抑郁症与自杀风险增加有关，但抑郁症的存在并不能区分自杀未遂者和自杀既遂者。本研究比较了 50 名自杀未遂者和 50 名自杀既遂者在抑郁症状、自杀相关变量和生活应激事件方面的差异。
本研究旨在确定 50 名自杀未遂者和 50 名自杀既遂者之间的关键差异，这些患者在自杀行为发生时均被诊断为重度抑郁症。
自杀未遂者及其自杀既遂者的家庭成员知情者参与了全面的心理社会评估。为了最大限度地与自杀既遂者进行比较，根据自杀未遂者尝试自杀的致命性将其进行了分类。
自杀未遂者和自杀既遂者在大多数抑郁症状测量上相似。然而，自杀既遂者在自杀前更有可能使用酒精或药物，且更有可能留下遗书。自杀既遂者更有可能遭遇重大工作压力和财务问题。
本研究结果记录了自杀未遂者和自杀既遂者之间的一些相似和不同之处。未来的研究可能有助于阐明在被诊断为重度抑郁症的成年人中，反映自杀完成风险的关键预警信号。
