Dutta Sanjukta, Buciuc Adela Georgiana, Barry Patrick, Padilla Vanessa
Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Jackson Health System, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 31;14(17):6160. doi: 10.3390/jcm14176160.
Individuals with severe mental illness face a substantially higher risk of suicide compared with the general population, with drug overdose representing one of the most common and potentially lethal methods. This narrative review explores toxidromes frequently encountered in psychiatric populations, such as opioid, anticholinergic, and serotonergic toxicity, highlighting the clinical presentation in intentional overdose. Emphasis is placed on clinical recognition, antidote-based treatment, and systems-level strategies for the prevention of lethal overdose. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for English-language articles using combinations of the following keywords: mental disorders; persons with psychiatric disorders; drug overdose; poisoning; serotonin syndrome; neuroleptic malignant syndrome; anticholinergic agents/poisoning; cholinergic antagonists/poisoning; psychotropic drugs/adverse effects; substance-related disorders; drug-related side effects and adverse reactions; polypharmacy; suicide, attempted; emergency service, hospital. By embedding toxidrome awareness into routine emergency and psychiatric practice, we aim to expedite treatment and improve patient outcomes.
与普通人群相比，患有严重精神疾病的个体自杀风险显著更高，药物过量是最常见且可能致命的方法之一。这篇叙述性综述探讨了在精神科人群中经常遇到的中毒综合征，如阿片类、抗胆碱能和5-羟色胺能中毒，强调了故意过量用药时的临床表现。重点在于临床识别、基于解毒剂的治疗以及预防致命性过量用药的系统层面策略。我们使用以下关键词组合在PubMed、谷歌学术和科学网中对英文文章进行了全面的文献检索：精神障碍；精神疾病患者；药物过量；中毒；血清素综合征；抗精神病药恶性综合征；抗胆碱能药物/中毒；胆碱能拮抗剂/中毒；精神药物/不良反应；物质相关障碍；药物相关副作用和不良反应；多药合用；自杀未遂；急诊服务、医院。通过将中毒综合征意识融入常规急诊和精神科实践中，我们旨在加快治疗并改善患者预后。
