Wang Wen-Xu, Lai Ying-Cheng
Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2009 Sep;80(3 Pt 2):036109. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.80.036109. Epub 2009 Sep 14.
In the study of cascading failures on complex networks, a key issue is to define capacities of edges and nodes as realistically as possible. This leads to the consideration of intrinsic edge capacity associated with laws governing flows on networks, which goes beyond the existing definitions of capacity based on the initial load as quantified by the betweenness centrality. Limited edge capacity (or bandwidth) and high flux or attack can trigger cascading processes, which we find as characteristically different from those reported in the literature. In particular, there can be an abnormal parameter regime where incrementally augmenting the edge capacity can counterintuitively increase the severeness of the cascading process. Another striking finding is that heterogeneous flow distribution tends to suppress the cascading process, in contrast to the current understanding that heterogeneity can make the network more vulnerable to cascading. We provide numerical computations and analysis to substantiate these findings.
在复杂网络级联故障的研究中，一个关键问题是尽可能现实地定义边和节点的容量。这就需要考虑与网络流量规律相关的内在边容量，这超出了基于中介中心性量化的初始负载的现有容量定义。有限的边容量（或带宽）以及高通量或攻击可能触发级联过程，我们发现这些过程与文献中报道的特征不同。特别是，可能存在一种异常参数状态，即边容量的增量增加会违反直觉地增加级联过程的严重程度。另一个显著发现是，与目前认为异质性会使网络更容易受到级联影响的理解相反，异质流分布往往会抑制级联过程。我们提供了数值计算和分析来证实这些发现。
