Kalmar County Dental Service, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Västervik Hospital, Västervik, Sweden.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2012 Apr;14(2):198-205. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2009.00254.x. Epub 2009 Nov 10.
The bone support for implants in the posterior part of the maxilla is often poor. This condition may be treated with augmentation of the maxillary sinus floor. The most common technique used is to elevate the sinus floor by inserting a bone graft through a window opened in the lateral antral wall. In 1994, a less-invasive technique using osteotomes was suggested by Summers.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of implants placed in the posterior maxilla with the osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique without grafting.
The study population comprised 36 consecutive patients in whom 53 implants were inserted with the OSFE technique. The indication for sinus floor elevation was that the bone height below the maxillary sinus was considered to be 10 mm or less.
The mean height of the alveolar process in the intended implant sites was 6.3 ± 0.3 mm, and the mean elevation of the sinus floor was 4.4 ± 0.2 mm. Two implants in edentulous patients were lost at the 1-year follow-up, and one more at the 3-year examination. The remaining 50 implants inserted were in function, giving a 3-year cumulative survival rate of 94%. Implants used in single-tooth replacements and in partially edentulous cases had a 100% survival rate. The marginal bone level at the time of loading of the implants was 0.1 ± 0.04 mm below the reference point. One year later, the corresponding value was 0.5 ± 0.06 mm. The mean bone loss between the two examinations was 0.4 ± 0.05 mm. At the final examination after 3 years, the mean bone level was situated 0.6 ± 0.09 mm below the reference point, indicating a nonsignificant change between 1 year and 3 years.
The OSFE technique, without bone grafts, was found to produce predictable results in the treatment of 36 patients with restricted bone volume in the posterior part of the maxilla.
上颌后牙区的骨量支持常常不足。这种情况可以通过上颌窦底提升来治疗。最常用的技术是通过在外侧窦壁上开窗插入骨移植物来提升窦底。1994 年，Summers 提出了一种微创的使用骨凿的技术。
本研究旨在评估使用骨凿窦底提升（OSFE）技术不进行植骨治疗上颌后牙区种植体的临床和影像学结果。
研究人群包括 36 例连续患者，共植入 53 枚种植体，采用 OSFE 技术。窦底提升的适应证是上颌窦下牙槽骨高度被认为在 10mm 或以下。
拟植入部位牙槽骨的平均高度为 6.3±0.3mm，窦底的平均提升高度为 4.4±0.2mm。2 枚种植体在无牙患者中于 1 年随访时脱落，另 1 枚在 3 年检查时脱落。其余 50 枚植入的种植体仍在使用中，3 年累积存活率为 94%。用于单牙修复和部分缺牙病例的种植体存活率为 100%。植入物负荷时的边缘骨水平比参考点低 0.1±0.04mm。1 年后，相应值为 0.5±0.06mm。两次检查之间的平均骨损失为 0.4±0.05mm。3 年后的最终检查中，平均骨水平比参考点低 0.6±0.09mm，表明 1 年和 3 年之间无显著变化。
在治疗 36 例上颌后牙区骨量有限的患者时，不使用骨移植的 OSFE 技术可获得可预测的结果。
