Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Jan;91(1):277S-279S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28473A. Epub 2009 Nov 11.
Obesity is a chronic disease that is increasing in prevalence in the United States and worldwide and is often accompanied by multiple comorbidities that lead to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In April 2009, the American Society for Nutrition hosted the symposium "An Integrative View of Obesity" at Experimental Biology 2009 in New Orleans, LA. The presentations addressed the causes of the obesity epidemic and notably discussed a combination of genetics, obesogenic environment, cultural and racial concerns, and treatment modalities based on what we have learned from research into the physiology and neuroendocrine regulation of appetite and satiety. The fat cell as an endocrine organ, in addition to contributions from the gut and pancreas, has helped us to understand the origins of this neuroendocrine regulation as a survival advantage in human ancestry, with obesogenic ramifications in today's toxic food environment. Suggestions for the reversal of the obesity epidemic were offered, including public health campaigns, community and medical programs, and industry-supported change in our food supply, eating patterns, and lifestyle. Community-structured programs for exercise and work-related physical activity could also engage a healthier lifestyle into the typical day for the average American as well as for individuals in other countries.
肥胖是一种慢性疾病，在美国和全球范围内的发病率都在不断上升，并且常常伴随着多种并发症，导致 2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病。2009 年 4 月，美国营养学会在新奥尔良举行的实验生物学 2009 年会议上主办了题为“肥胖的综合观点”的研讨会。这些演讲探讨了肥胖症流行的原因，并特别讨论了遗传、致肥胖环境、文化和种族问题以及基于我们对食欲和饱腹感的生理学和神经内分泌调节研究中所学到的治疗方法相结合的问题。脂肪细胞作为一种内分泌器官，除了肠道和胰腺的贡献外，还帮助我们理解了这种神经内分泌调节作为人类祖先生存优势的起源，而在当今有毒的食物环境中则产生了致肥胖的后果。研讨会提出了逆转肥胖流行的建议，包括公共卫生运动、社区和医疗计划以及行业支持改变我们的食物供应、饮食模式和生活方式。以社区为基础的锻炼和与工作相关的体育活动计划也可以将更健康的生活方式融入到普通美国人以及其他国家的个人的日常生活中。
