Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Medical Center, Malaysia.
J Occup Health. 2010;52(1):58-65. doi: 10.1539/joh.o8030. Epub 2009 Nov 10.
This study aimed to determine the level and factors contributing to burnout among doctors in Sana'a City, Yemen and to determine the relationship between burnout and psychological morbidity.
This was a cross-sectional study of 563 working doctors in the four main hospitals in Sana'a City, Yemen. The 12-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12) was used as a measure of psychological morbidity and the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used to measure emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Sources of job stress were determined using a 37-item scale questionnaire. The questionnaire elicited information about socio-demographic and work characteristics.
On the MBI, 356 doctors showed high emotional exhaustion (63.2%), 109 showed high depersonalization (19.4%) and 186 showed low personal accomplishment (33.0%). Sixty six doctors (11.7%) were identified as experiencing a high degree of burnout (high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and low personal accomplishment). The prevalence of high degree of burnout was significantly higher in those with duration of work <or=10 yr (OR=2.8, 95% CI 1.18-6.8), in those working >or=40 h/wk (OR=2.1, 95% CI 1.25-3.62) and in those who had psychological morbidity (OR=5.3, 95% CI 2.22-12.39). Thirteen out of 37 sources of stress were significantly associated with high degree of burnout. In multivariate analysis, the significant predictors of high burnout were: dealing with patient's psychosocial problems, feeling of isolation, disturbance of home/family life by work, not chewing khat, long working hours and psychological morbidity.
The prevalence of high degree of burnout as well as emotional exhaustion in Yemeni doctors was higher than those reported internationally and was associated with psychological morbidity and many important sources of job stress.
本研究旨在确定也门萨那市医生的倦怠水平和造成倦怠的因素，并确定倦怠与心理发病率之间的关系。
这是一项在也门萨那市 4 家主要医院的 563 名在职医生中进行的横断面研究。使用 12 项一般健康问卷（GHQ12）作为心理发病率的衡量标准，使用 22 项 Maslach 倦怠量表（MBI）衡量情绪衰竭、去人格化和个人成就感。使用 37 项量表问卷确定工作压力源。问卷收集了关于社会人口统计学和工作特征的信息。
在 MBI 上，356 名医生表现出高度的情绪衰竭（63.2%），109 名医生表现出高度的去人格化（19.4%），186 名医生表现出低度的个人成就感（33.0%）。66 名医生（11.7%）被确定为经历了高度的倦怠（情绪衰竭、去人格化和低个人成就感高）。工作年限<或=10 年（OR=2.8，95%CI 1.18-6.8）、每周工作>或=40 小时（OR=2.1，95%CI 1.25-3.62）和有心理发病率的医生（OR=5.3，95%CI 2.22-12.39）中，高度倦怠的患病率明显更高。37 个压力源中有 13 个与高度倦怠显著相关。多变量分析显示，高度倦怠的显著预测因素包括：处理患者的心理社会问题、孤立感、工作对家庭生活的干扰、不嚼恰特草、工作时间长和心理发病率。
也门医生的高度倦怠和情绪衰竭的患病率高于国际报告的水平，与心理发病率和许多重要的工作压力源有关。
