Infascelli Roberta, Pelorosso Raffaele, Boccia Lorenzo
Department of Agricultural Engineering and Territory, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy.
Geospat Health. 2009 Nov;4(1):27-38. doi: 10.4081/gh.2009.208.
Nitrate concentration in groundwater has frequently been linked to non-point pollution. At the same time the existence of intensive agriculture and extremely intensive livestock activity increases the potential for nitrate pollution in shallow groundwater. Nitrate used in agriculture could cause adverse effects on human and animal health. In order to evaluate the groundwater nitrate pollution, and how it might evolve in time, it is essential to develop control systems and to improve policies and incentives aimed at controlling the amount of nitrate entering downstream water systems. The province of Caserta in southern Italy is characterized by high levels of animal manure loading. A comparison between manure nitrogen production and nitrate concentration in groundwater was carried out in this area, using geostatistical tools and spatial statistics. The results show a discrepancy between modelling of nitrate leaching and monitoring of the groundwater and, moreover, no spatial correlation between nitrogen production in livestock farms and nitrate concentration in groundwater, suggesting that producers are not following the regulatory procedures for the agronomic use of manure. The methodology developed in this paper could be applied also in other regions in which European Union fertilization plans are not adequately followed.
地下水中的硝酸盐浓度常常与面源污染有关。与此同时，集约化农业和极度集约化的畜牧活动的存在增加了浅层地下水硝酸盐污染的可能性。农业中使用的硝酸盐可能会对人类和动物健康造成不利影响。为了评估地下水硝酸盐污染及其随时间的演变情况，开发控制系统并改进旨在控制进入下游水系的硝酸盐量的政策和激励措施至关重要。意大利南部的卡塞塔省以动物粪便负荷量高为特征。利用地统计工具和空间统计方法，对该地区粪便氮产量与地下水中硝酸盐浓度进行了比较。结果表明，硝酸盐淋失模型与地下水监测之间存在差异，此外，畜牧场的氮产量与地下水中的硝酸盐浓度之间不存在空间相关性，这表明生产者没有遵循粪便农业利用的监管程序。本文开发的方法也可应用于其他未充分遵循欧盟施肥计划的地区。
