Tourné L P
Department of Orthodontics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991 Feb;99(2):129-39. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(91)70115-D.
The bony nasopharynx increases its capacity predominantly by means of vertical development. Analogous to the facial structures is an expression of some somatotopic features that give rise to a higher and more shallow pharyngeal dimension in the dolichocephalic growth pattern. The nasopharynx's ultimate patency, however, depends on the growth and relative size of the soft tissues that line the skeletal boundaries. A decreased patency of the oropharyngeal airway can induce some postural adaptations, which secure a constant sagittal dimension at that level. However, at a certain critical point, purely nasal respiration will be turned into an oronasal breathing pattern, which in turn will elicit more compensatory mechanisms. This muscle recruitment is a possible cause of a deviant vertical craniofacial growth pattern.
骨性鼻咽主要通过垂直生长来增加其容量。与面部结构类似，这是一些躯体定位特征的表现，这些特征在长头型生长模式中导致咽腔维度更高且更浅。然而，鼻咽的最终通畅程度取决于骨骼边界内衬软组织的生长和相对大小。口咽气道通畅性降低可引发一些姿势适应性变化，从而在该水平确保矢状径恒定。然而，在某个临界点，单纯的鼻呼吸将转变为口鼻呼吸模式，进而引发更多的代偿机制。这种肌肉募集可能是垂直颅面生长模式异常的一个原因。
