Lovern B, Stroud L A, Evans R O, Evans S L, Holt C A
Institute of Medical Engineering and Medical Physics, Cardiff School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2009 Oct;223(7):823-31. doi: 10.1243/09544119JEIM554.
The shoulder complex is prone to numerous pathologies and instabilities due to its large range of motion. The extent of injury is assessed through a series of observations and physical examinations. It is hypothesized that objective kinematic analysis of the shoulder could yield useful functional insights to aid clinical practice. Non-invasive motion analysis techniques to monitor shoulder function have been developed using passive markers; however, accurate measurement of scapula kinematics is problematic because of overlying tissue. The scapula locator is the accepted standard by which alternative non-invasive techniques of scapula tracking are validated. In this study, the viability of using skin-mounted markers to measure dynamic scapula movement is determined. Complete kinematic descriptions of ten healthy shoulders were obtained. Elevations of the glenohumeral joint were similar with both techniques, indicating that the skin marker method is suitable for gathering functional glenohumeral data. The main differences of note are seen at the scapulothoracic articulation where the skin marker method underestimated lateral rotation by more than 50 degrees at maximum elevation. However, the correlation between the two approaches is greater than 0.7, suggesting that it may be possible to derive linear regression models to predict dynamic scapulothoracic lateral rotation accurately using skin-mounted scapula markers.
由于肩关节复合体的活动范围大，它容易出现多种病变和不稳定情况。损伤程度通过一系列观察和体格检查来评估。据推测，对肩部进行客观的运动学分析可能会产生有用的功能见解，以辅助临床实践。已经开发出使用被动标记来监测肩部功能的非侵入性运动分析技术；然而，由于覆盖组织的影响，准确测量肩胛骨的运动学存在问题。肩胛骨定位器是验证肩胛骨跟踪的其他非侵入性技术所采用的公认标准。在本研究中，确定了使用粘贴在皮肤上的标记来测量肩胛骨动态运动的可行性。获得了十个健康肩部的完整运动学描述。两种技术测得的盂肱关节抬高情况相似，这表明皮肤标记法适用于收集盂肱关节的功能数据。值得注意的主要差异出现在肩胛胸壁关节处，在最大抬高时，皮肤标记法低估了外侧旋转超过50度。然而，两种方法之间的相关性大于0.7，这表明有可能推导出线性回归模型，以便使用粘贴在皮肤上的肩胛骨标记准确预测肩胛胸壁关节的动态外侧旋转。
