Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2009 Dec;37(Pt 6):1412-4. doi: 10.1042/BST0371412.
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. Recent studies show that the brain can engage in a limited process of neural repair after stroke: re-mapping of sensory and motor function and sprouting of new connections in peri-infarct cortex surrounding the stroke. Changes in cortical sensory and motor maps and alterations in axonal structure are dependent on patterned neuronal activity. The central cellular process in these events is alteration in neuronal response to incoming inputs--manipulations that increase neuronal firing to a given input are likely to induce changes in neuronal structure and alterations in cortical maps. Because post-stroke neural repair and recovery also involves neuronal sprouting and re-mapping of cortical sensory and motor representations, it has been assumed that changes in neuronal excitability underlie neural repair.
中风是成年人残疾的主要原因。最近的研究表明，大脑在中风后可以进行有限的神经修复过程：感觉和运动功能的重新映射，以及中风周围梗塞周边皮质中新连接的发芽。皮质感觉和运动图谱的变化以及轴突结构的改变依赖于模式化的神经元活动。这些事件中的中央细胞过程是神经元对传入输入的反应的改变——增加神经元对给定输入的放电的操作很可能诱导神经元结构的变化和皮质图谱的改变。由于中风后的神经修复和恢复还涉及神经元发芽和皮质感觉和运动代表的重新映射，因此人们认为神经元兴奋性的变化是神经修复的基础。
