Foster A P, Skuse A M, Higgins R J, Barrett D C, Philbey A W, Thomson J R, Thompson H, Fraser M A, Bowden P E, Day M J
Veterinary Laboratories Agency-Shrewsbury, Kendal Road, Harlescott, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, SY1 4HD, England, UK.
J Comp Pathol. 2010 May;142(4):336-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.10.001. Epub 2009 Nov 11.
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) was diagnosed in eight calves from four farms in the United Kingdom on the basis of clinical, histological and ultrastructural findings. In three affected herds, pedigree Simmental bulls had been mated with Simmental-cross cows. In a fourth herd two Holstein-Friesian calves were affected. Lesions included multifocal erosion and ulceration of the hard and soft palates, tongue, nares and gingiva, with onychomadesis (dysungulation). There was alopecia, erosion and crusting of the coronets, pasterns, fetlocks, carpi, hocks, flanks and axillae. Histopathological findings included segmental separation of full thickness epidermis from the dermis, with formation of large clefts containing eosinophilic fluid, extravasated red blood cells and small numbers of neutrophils. Follicular and interfollicular areas of skin were affected, with clefts extending around hair follicles and sometimes involving whole follicles. Ultrastructurally, there was evidence of vacuolar change within basal keratinocytes, corresponding to areas of histological clefting. Preliminary genetic screening of the candidate keratin genes (bKRT5 and bKRT14) has excluded mutations of these as the cause of this condition.
根据临床、组织学和超微结构检查结果，在英国四个农场的八头犊牛中诊断出大疱性表皮松解症（EB）。在三个受影响的牛群中，纯种西门塔尔公牛与西门塔尔杂交母牛进行了交配。在第四个牛群中，有两头荷斯坦-弗里生犊牛受到影响。病变包括硬腭和软腭、舌头、鼻孔和牙龈的多灶性糜烂和溃疡，伴有甲脱落（趾甲异常）。在蹄冠、跗关节、球节、腕关节、飞节、胁腹和腋窝处有脱毛、糜烂和结痂。组织病理学检查结果包括全层表皮与真皮的节段性分离，形成含有嗜酸性液体、外渗红细胞和少量中性粒细胞的大裂隙。皮肤的毛囊和毛囊间区域受到影响，裂隙围绕毛囊延伸，有时累及整个毛囊。超微结构上，基底角质形成细胞内有液泡变化的证据，对应于组织学裂隙区域。对候选角蛋白基因（bKRT5和bKRT14）的初步基因筛查排除了这些基因的突变是导致这种情况的原因。
