Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pediatric Urology, 45th and Penn Avenue, 4th Floor Faculty Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA.
Expert Rev Med Devices. 2009 Nov;6(6):689-98. doi: 10.1586/erd.09.42.
The use of laparoscopy has evolved over the last 30 years, particularly in the last decade, from merely extirpative or diagnostic procedures to intricate reconstructive procedures on the major genitourinary organs. The development of laparoscopy as a method of treating urological problems has progressed more slowly in children compared with adults; perhaps due to the availability of miniaturized technology, the steep learning curve and the high success of traditional open surgery. This article seeks to provide a comprehensive review of the evolution of laparoscopy from its inception to its present-day applications in the field of pediatric urology, including the current indications and results of various laparoscopic procedures.
腹腔镜技术在过去 30 年中得到了发展，特别是在过去十年中，从单纯的切除或诊断性手术发展到对主要泌尿生殖器官进行复杂的重建性手术。与成人相比，腹腔镜技术作为一种治疗泌尿外科问题的方法在儿童中发展较慢；这可能是由于微型化技术的可用性、陡峭的学习曲线和传统开放手术的高成功率所致。本文旨在全面回顾腹腔镜技术从诞生到目前在小儿泌尿外科领域的应用，包括各种腹腔镜手术的当前适应证和结果。
