Institute of Internal Medicine, Agostino Gemelli Hospital, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Alcohol. 2009 Nov;43(7):559-63. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2009.09.031.
Alcoholism and stress share some common neurobiological circuits, including the GABAergic system. In particular, the GABA(B) receptor seems to play an important role. The GABA(B) receptor agonist baclofen has been studied as a treatment for alcohol-dependent subjects. Baclofen administration in alcohol-dependent patients was able to promote abstinence, inducing the remission of withdrawal symptoms, reducing alcohol craving, and reducing alcohol intake. Baclofen also reduced anxiety in alcohol-dependent subjects, probably acting on brain stress circuitry and/or on other neuroendocrine systems. Baclofen also showed excellent safety and tolerability, even in alcohol-dependent patients with advanced liver disease (i.e., cirrhosis). Future studies should investigate which alcoholic subtype may better benefit of the administration of baclofen in the treatment of alcohol dependence.
酗酒和压力共享一些共同的神经生物学回路，包括 GABA 能系统。特别是，GABA（B）受体似乎起着重要的作用。GABA（B）受体激动剂巴氯芬已被研究作为治疗酒精依赖者的药物。在酒精依赖患者中给予巴氯芬能够促进戒酒，诱导戒断症状的缓解，减少对酒精的渴望，并减少酒精摄入量。巴氯芬还降低了酒精依赖者的焦虑，可能作用于大脑应激回路和/或其他神经内分泌系统。巴氯芬也显示出极好的安全性和耐受性，即使在患有晚期肝病（即肝硬化）的酒精依赖患者中也是如此。未来的研究应探讨哪种酒精类型可能从巴氯芬治疗酒精依赖的治疗中获益更大。
