National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
Am J Infect Control. 2010 Mar;38(2):130-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.07.008. Epub 2009 Nov 12.
This study examines how well regulations for bloodborne pathogens (BBPs), established primarily to reduce exposure risk for health care workers, are being followed by workers and employers in the tattooing and body piercing industry.
Twelve shops performing tattooing and/or body piercing (body art) in Pennsylvania and Texas were assessed for compliance with 5 administrative and 10 infection control standards for reducing exposure to BBPs.
All shops demonstrated compliance with infection control standards, but not with administrative standards, such as maintaining an exposure control plan, offering hepatitis B vaccine, and training staff. Shops staffed with members of professional body art organizations demonstrated higher compliance with the administrative standards. Shops in locations where the body art industry was regulated and shops in nonregulated locations demonstrated similar compliance, as did contractor- and employee-staffed shops.
Regulations to control occupational exposure to BBPs have been in place since 1991. This study corroborates noncompliance with some standards within the body art industry reported by previous studies. Without notable enforcement, regulation at national, state, or local levels does not affect compliance. In this study, the factor most closely associated with compliance with administrative regulations was the artist's membership in a professional body art association.
本研究旨在调查纹身和穿孔行业的工人和雇主在遵守主要旨在降低医护人员接触风险的血源性病原体（BBP）规定方面的情况。
在宾夕法尼亚州和德克萨斯州的 12 家从事纹身和/或穿孔（身体艺术）的商店中，评估了 5 项行政和 10 项感染控制标准，以减少接触 BBP 的风险。
所有商店都符合感染控制标准，但不符合行政标准，例如制定暴露控制计划、提供乙型肝炎疫苗和培训员工。由专业身体艺术组织成员组成的商店在遵守行政标准方面表现出更高的合规性。在有身体艺术行业监管的地点和没有监管的地点开设的商店，以及承包商和员工经营的商店，其合规性相似。
自 1991 年以来，一直有控制职业接触 BBP 的规定。本研究证实了先前研究报告的一些不符合身体艺术行业标准的情况。在没有明显执法的情况下，国家、州或地方层面的监管不会影响合规性。在这项研究中，与遵守行政法规最密切相关的因素是艺术家是否是专业身体艺术协会的成员。
