Clinical Audit and Research Unit, London Ambulance Service NHS Trust, 8-20 Pocock Street, London SE1 0BW, United Kingdom.
Resuscitation. 2010 Jan;81(1):36-41. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.09.021. Epub 2009 Nov 13.
The aim of this study was to describe the frequency and characteristics of cardiac arrest patients of 35 years and under attended by the London Ambulance Service NHS Trust between April 2003 and March 2007. Few large studies have described the occurrence, mechanism, resuscitation viability and outcome of this substantial subset of the cardiac arrest population. By documenting over 3000 cardiac arrests in young people we sought to improve understanding, awareness and ultimately survival of a condition notorious for high mortality rates.
Data were analysed for 3084 young cardiac arrest patients and reported retrospectively. Patients were categorised by age, gender, aetiology and whether or not resuscitation attempts were made. Over 75% of patients were aged 18-35 years. There were significantly more males in this age group (p<0.001) compared to those aged 17 years or less. The most common cause of cardiac arrest was an underlying cardiac cause (44.9%). Overdoses, hanging and other suicides were found to be major causes of cardiac arrests of non-cardiac origin in young adult males. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) was the most common known cause of death in infants aged less than 1 year. This age group received bystander CPR most often. 5.6% of young cardiac arrest patients who were taken to hospital survived to hospital discharge.
Mortality in young cardiac arrest patients remains high. Focus should be placed on tackling social and psychological causes of cardiac arrest as well as cardiac aetiologies.
本研究旨在描述 2003 年 4 月至 2007 年 3 月期间，伦敦救护服务 NHS 信托机构收治的 35 岁及以下心脏骤停患者的频率和特征。很少有大型研究描述过这一庞大心脏骤停人群中相当一部分患者的发生情况、机制、复苏可行性和结果。通过记录 3000 多例年轻人的心脏骤停事件，我们希望提高对这一高死亡率疾病的认识、意识，并最终提高生存率。
对 3084 例年轻心脏骤停患者的数据进行了回顾性分析。患者按年龄、性别、病因以及是否进行复苏尝试进行分类。超过 75%的患者年龄在 18-35 岁之间。在这个年龄段，男性明显多于女性（p<0.001）。心脏骤停最常见的原因是潜在的心脏原因（44.9%）。在年轻成年男性中，过量用药、上吊和其他自杀行为被认为是非心脏原因引起心脏骤停的主要原因。婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）是 1 岁以下婴儿死亡的最常见已知原因。该年龄组最常接受旁观者心肺复苏术。5.6%被送往医院的年轻心脏骤停患者存活至出院。
年轻心脏骤停患者的死亡率仍然很高。应重点关注心脏骤停的社会和心理原因以及心脏病因。
