South-East European Research Centre (SEERC), Thessaloniki, Greece.
Health Psychol. 2009 Nov;28(6):770-8. doi: 10.1037/a0016126.
To examine the effects of normative influences on adolescent smoking in Greece, a country with weak social norms against smoking and relatively ineffective tobacco control policies.
A cross-sectional survey methodology was employed, and a representative sample of Greek high school students was recruited (N = 1,920, M age = 14 years).
Normative beliefs, attitudes, perceived behavioral control, self-esteem, and intentions to smoke.
Multiple-regression and mediation analyses were conducted. The effects of public smoking on intentions to smoke were mediated by beliefs of perceived prevalence of smoking among peers, subjective norms, and situational temptations. Self-esteem significantly moderated the effects of subjective norms on intentions to smoke.
Prosmoking norms in one's environment become internalized into biased normative beliefs about smoking, and increase susceptibility to smoke under social pressure. The effect of subjective norms on intentions to smoke was stronger among adolescents with low self-esteem, suggesting that self-esteem may act as a vulnerability factor in the process of smoking initiation.
在希腊这个对吸烟持较弱社会规范且烟草控制政策相对低效的国家，研究规范影响对青少年吸烟的影响。
采用横断面调查方法，招募了具有代表性的希腊高中生样本（N=1920，M 年龄=14 岁）。
规范信念、态度、感知行为控制、自尊和吸烟意向。
进行了多元回归和中介分析。公众吸烟对吸烟意向的影响通过对同伴中吸烟流行程度的感知、主观规范和情境诱惑的信念来介导。自尊显著调节了主观规范对吸烟意向的影响。
环境中的亲烟规范会被内化，形成对吸烟的有偏差的规范信念，并在社会压力下增加对吸烟的易感性。在低自尊的青少年中，主观规范对吸烟意向的影响更强，这表明自尊可能是吸烟开始过程中的一个脆弱因素。
