Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of California-San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA.
Scand J Surg. 2009;98(3):135-42. doi: 10.1177/145749690909800302.
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is a common cause for hospital admission that results in significant morbidity and mortality. After initial resuscitation of the patient, the diagnosis and treatment of lower gastrointestinal bleeding remains a challenge for acute care surgeons. Identifying the source of bleeding can be difficult since many patients bleed intermittently or stop bleeding spontaneously. It is therefore important for the acute care surgeon to be familiar with the different diagnostic and therapeutic modalities and their advantages and disadvantages in order to guide the management of the acutely bleeding patient. This review summarizes the current methods available for the diagnosis and treatment of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding and proposes an algorithm for the management of these patients.
下消化道出血是导致患者住院的常见原因，可导致较高的发病率和死亡率。在对患者进行初步复苏后，急性护理外科医生在诊断和治疗下消化道出血方面仍然面临挑战。由于许多患者间歇性出血或自发性停止出血，因此确定出血源可能较为困难。因此，急性护理外科医生熟悉不同的诊断和治疗方法及其优缺点对于指导急性出血患者的管理非常重要。本综述总结了目前用于诊断和治疗急性下消化道出血的方法，并提出了这些患者的处理算法。
