Sumintardja Elmira N, Pinxten Lucas W J, Siregar Juke R L, Suherman Harry, Wisaksana Rudy, Iskandar Shelly, Tasya Irma A, Hinduan Zahrotur, Hospers Harm J
Faculty of Psychology, Padjadjaran University. Jl. Pasirkaliki no. 190, Bandung 40151, Indonesia.
Acta Med Indones. 2009 Jul;41 Suppl 1:79-86.
Projections estimate 1,000,000 HIV infected by 2015 in Indonesia. Key behaviors to HIV prevention and care are determined by a complex set of individual/ environmental factors. This paper presents empirical data, local evidence and theoretical concepts to determine the role of social sciences in HIV prevention/care. Injecting Drug Use (IDU) is a social and very risky activity: 95% injected in the presence of peers and 49% reported needles sharing. 82% of IDUs do not use condoms consistently. Poor adherence to ARV treatment is related to a complex set of, mostly behavioral, factors beyond effective influence by standard professional skills of medical staff. Meta-analysis indicated that about 1/3 of the variance in behaviour can be explained by the combined effect of intention and perceived behavioral control, the two cornerstones of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). It is advisable to adapt TPB in the light of the Indonesian context. Current theories of behavior and behavior change give professionals of all disciplines, working in HIV prevention and care, effective tools to change behavior and to improve HIV prevention and access and quality of HIV care.
预测估计，到2015年印度尼西亚将有100万人感染艾滋病毒。预防和护理艾滋病毒的关键行为由一系列复杂的个人/环境因素决定。本文提供了实证数据、当地证据和理论概念，以确定社会科学在艾滋病毒预防/护理中的作用。注射吸毒是一种社会行为，且风险极大：95%的人在同伴在场的情况下注射毒品，49%的人报告有共用针头的情况。82%的注射吸毒者不能始终坚持使用避孕套。对抗逆转录病毒治疗的依从性差与一系列复杂的因素有关，这些因素大多是行为方面的，超出了医务人员标准专业技能的有效影响范围。荟萃分析表明，行为差异的约1/3可由计划行为理论（TPB）的两个基石——意图和感知行为控制的综合作用来解释。建议根据印度尼西亚的实际情况对计划行为理论进行调整。当前的行为和行为改变理论为从事艾滋病毒预防和护理工作的各学科专业人员提供了改变行为、改善艾滋病毒预防以及艾滋病毒护理的可及性和质量的有效工具。
