A dot-ELISA mimicry western blot test for the detection of swine trichinellosis.

A dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dot-ELISA) using antigens purified by monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography was developed for detecting Trichinella spiralis infection in swine. The test was as sensitive as an ELISA using excretory-secretory products as antigen and western blot analysis, and nearly as specific as the western blot. The dot-ELISA detected all of 20 low infections (0.08-4.74 larvae per gram of diaphragm), most of them by 5-6 wk postinfection. Sera from 1,960 farm-reared swine were tested by conventional ELISA, dot-ELISA, and western blot. Of the 1,960 sera, 262 (13.4%) were considered positive on conventional ELISA, 16 (0.82%) by dot-ELISA, and 15 (0.77%) by western blot. The improved specificity was achieved by employing species-specific denatured antigens. More importantly, the dot-ELISA was much simpler to perform than western blot analysis. The principles employed in this test can be adapted to other infectious diseases, such as AIDS.