Jansen M, Schumpelick V
Chirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinik der RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen, Germany.
Chirurg. 2009 Dec;80(12):1095-8. doi: 10.1007/s00104-009-1771-3.
The discipline of general and visceral surgery will change over the next 20 years due to technical and digital developments. Of particular significance will be computer-assisted surgery, pre-operative simulation and intra-operative navigation and also the further development of the minimally invasive technique itself, which overcomes the present limitations of complex visceral surgical resection and reconstruction and will replace open surgery in more and more fields. It is extremely probable that over the next 20 years surgeons will be dealing increasingly more with old patients and the spectrum of interventions will also change. Oncologic surgery will change due to the high dynamics in the development of new anti-cancer medications. Other fields, such as obesity surgery, will become more important. An irreversible development is the economization of the discipline and quality assurance. This will accelerate the development of high-volume centers for a large proportion of visceral surgical interventions.
由于技术和数字领域的发展，普通外科和内脏外科在未来20年将会发生变化。计算机辅助手术、术前模拟和术中导航，以及微创技术本身的进一步发展将具有特别重要的意义，因为微创技术克服了目前复杂内脏手术切除和重建的局限性，并将在越来越多的领域取代开放手术。在未来20年里，外科医生极有可能越来越多地面对老年患者，手术范围也会发生变化。由于新型抗癌药物的快速发展，肿瘤外科将会发生改变。其他领域，如肥胖症手术，将变得更加重要。该学科的经济化和质量保证是一个不可逆转的发展趋势。这将加速为大部分内脏外科手术建立高容量中心的进程。
