Kido T, Shaikh Z A, Kito H, Honda R, Nogawa K
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston 02881-0809.
Toxicology. 1991 Jan;65(3):325-32. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(91)90091-e.
The dose-response relationship between cadmium (Cd) exposure and renal dysfunction, as measured by urinary Cd and metallothoinein (MT), was evaluated in a population living in the Kakehashi River basin, a Cd-polluted area in Japan. Morning urine specimens were collected from 1397 men and 1713 women who were 50 years or older. In addition, urine specimens were collected from a control population consisting of 110 men and 130 women. The 97.5% upper limits for MT in the control population were used to determine the prevalence rates for MT-uria at various urinary Cd concentrations. Probit linear regression analysis showed significant dose-response relationships between MT and Cd. In the control population, prevalence rates of MT-uria for men and women were 1.8 and 3.1%, respectively. Based on the prevalence rates of MT-uria in the control population, the upper limits for the urinary Cd concentrations were calculated from the slopes of the regression lines to be 4.2 and 4.8 micrograms/g creatinine for men and women, respectively. These values, which are similar to those reported previously using urinary beta 2-microglobulin as the indicator, may be of use in establishing the biological threshold, i.e. maximum allowable concentration, for urinary Cd in the environmentally exposed Japanese population.
在日本镉污染地区加计川河流域居住的人群中，评估了通过尿镉和金属硫蛋白（MT）衡量的镉（Cd）暴露与肾功能障碍之间的剂量反应关系。收集了1397名50岁及以上男性和1713名50岁及以上女性的晨尿样本。此外，还从由110名男性和130名女性组成的对照人群中收集了尿样。对照组中MT的97.5%上限用于确定不同尿镉浓度下MT尿的患病率。概率线性回归分析显示MT与镉之间存在显著的剂量反应关系。在对照人群中，男性和女性MT尿的患病率分别为1.8%和3.1%。根据对照人群中MT尿的患病率，从回归线斜率计算出男性和女性尿镉浓度的上限分别为4.2和4.8微克/克肌酐。这些值与先前使用尿β2-微球蛋白作为指标报告的值相似，可能有助于确定环境暴露的日本人群尿镉的生物阈值，即最大允许浓度。
