Murphy Debra A, Shetty Vivek, Der-Martirosian Claudia, Herbeck Diane M, Resell Judith, Urata Mark, Yamashita Dennis-Duke
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 Dec;67(12):2627-35. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2009.07.053.
Assault is the most common cause of facial injuries in adolescents treated at inner-city trauma centers, yet little is known about the behavioral and environmental antecedents of these injuries or the willingness of such at-risk adolescents to participate in behavioral interventions to minimize reinjury. The purpose of this study was to identify possible risk and protective factors among adolescents with assault-related facial injury and to assess their willingness to participate in prospective observational research and behavioral interventions.
Interviews were conducted with 67 adolescents (range 14 to 20 yrs) who were treated in trauma centers for facial injuries. Most of these injuries were assault-related (59%), followed by motor vehicle or other accidents (29%), gunshot wounds (9%), and sports injuries (3%). The subjects were predominantly male (86%) and of ethnic minorities (91%).
The adolescents showed high rates of intentional injuries in the past 6 months (56%), unhealthy alcohol use, and in more than half (55%) problem levels of substance use. Compared with those with unintentional injuries, adolescents who experienced assault-related injuries were more likely to report using alcohol, tobacco, and other substances. Although a significant segment of the sample (55%) had been arrested previously, no differences in arrest rates or types of crimes for which adolescents were arrested were observed by injury type. Most subjects were unwilling to participate in interventions that involved multiple sessions; however, greater family cohesion predicted the likelihood of being willing to participate.
Most facial injuries in inner-city adolescents result from assault. Unhealthy alcohol use, problem levels of substance use behaviors, and family history of alcohol problems are associated markers of assault-related injuries that can be useful for risk assessment and targeted intervention. Interventions need to be brief if they are to engage these at-risk youth.
在市中心创伤中心接受治疗的青少年中，袭击是面部受伤最常见的原因，但对于这些损伤的行为和环境诱因，或者这类高危青少年参与行为干预以尽量减少再次受伤的意愿，人们了解甚少。本研究的目的是确定与袭击相关面部损伤青少年中可能的风险和保护因素，并评估他们参与前瞻性观察研究和行为干预的意愿。
对67名（年龄在14至20岁之间）在创伤中心接受面部损伤治疗的青少年进行了访谈。这些损伤大多与袭击有关（59%），其次是机动车或其他事故（29%）、枪伤（9%）和运动损伤（3%）。受试者主要为男性（86%）且为少数族裔（91%）。
青少年在过去6个月中故意伤害率较高（56%），存在不健康饮酒情况，且超过一半（55%）存在物质使用问题。与意外伤害的青少年相比，遭受与袭击相关损伤的青少年更有可能报告使用酒精、烟草和其他物质。尽管样本中有很大一部分（55%）此前曾被捕，但按损伤类型观察，青少年的逮捕率或被捕罪行类型并无差异。大多数受试者不愿参加涉及多个疗程的干预；然而，更强的家庭凝聚力预示着愿意参与的可能性。
市中心青少年的大多数面部损伤是由袭击造成的。不健康饮酒、物质使用行为问题水平以及酒精问题家族史是与袭击相关损伤的相关标志，可用于风险评估和有针对性的干预。如果要让这些高危青少年参与，干预措施需要简短。
